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002 - Virology > (08) Picornaviridae & Reoviridae > Flashcards

(08) Picornaviridae & Reoviridae Flashcards

1
Q

(Viruses with dsRNA)

  1. What are two groups?
  2. What are three types in Reoviridae?
A
  1. reociridae and birnaviridae
  2. rotaviruses
  3. bluetongue virus
  4. african horse sickness
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2
Q

(General Characteristics of Reoviruses)

  1. enveloped?
  2. shape?
  3. How many capside layers?
  4. RNA segmented?
  5. where do they replicate?
A
  1. non-enveloped
  2. spherical
  3. 3
  4. yes (can easily recombine)
  5. cytoplasm (see inclusion bodies in cytoplasm)
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3
Q

(Rotavirus Structure)

  1. Outer capsid protein made up of what two proteins? What do they do?
  2. How many serogroups? most common serogroup?
  3. RNA composed of how many segments? make how many proteins?
A
  1. VP4 (attachment receptor)
  2. seven; serogroup A
  3. 11, 12
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4
Q

(General Characteristics)

  1. Orbiviruses are what kind of viruses? Seen in a circumscribed geographical area as the what?
  2. What kind of viruses are rotaviruses?
A
  1. arboviruses, vector
  2. rotaviruses (cause scours in newborns - all domestic animal and birds have one)
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5
Q
A

B

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6
Q

(Picornaviridae)

  1. how big?
  2. What is the important genera?
A
  1. one of the smallest
  2. apthovirus (causes foot and mouth disease)
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7
Q

(Picornaviridae)

(General Characteristics)

  1. enveloped or non?
  2. RNA single or double? + or - sense?
  3. How many capside layers?
  4. Stability in pH?
  5. Replication occurs where?
  6. How is virus spread/released?
A
  1. non
  2. single; + (can make copies right away)
  3. one
  4. varied (aptho unstable below 7) - Entero/cardio stable at PH 3
  5. cytoplasm
  6. cell lysis and virus release
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8
Q

know what kinds of disease these cause

also notice the size thing - supposedly something wronge there

A
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9
Q

(Rotavirus)

  1. Major cuase of what?
  2. What levels of titer excreted in feces?
  3. Inactivated by what?
  4. How sensitive to chlorination?
A
  1. neonatal diarrhea
  2. high (10^11/gm)
  3. phenolic disinfectants
  4. relatively insenitive
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10
Q

1-3. What three viruses cause diarrhea in neonates?

A
  1. rotavirus
  2. coronavirus
  3. BVDV
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11
Q

(Susceptibily of neonates to Rotaviruses and Coronaviruses)

  1. Which of the two lasts longer?
  2. Note the thing about the colostral antibodies…
  3. Is mucosal or systemic antibody more important?
A
  1. coronaviruses
  2. mucosal
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12
Q

(Maintenance of Rotaviruses in Populations)

  1. stable in envrionment?
  2. persistence and periodic shedding? (what does this cause)?
A
  1. yes
  2. yes; subclinical infection in calves and adults
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13
Q

(Rotavirus Pathogenesis)

  1. Usually seen in 1-8 weeks olds. What is the incubation period?
  2. Infection leads to destruction of what?
A
  1. 16-24 hours
  2. epithelial cells (at the apices of villi in small intestines) - this leads to poor absorption and then diarhhea
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14
Q

(Effect of rate of enterocyte replacement on disease (by rotavirus))

  1. Rate is low in young calves - does this make them more or less susceptible?
  2. later on… competition between what and infection?
A
  1. more
  2. replacement (better ability to replace causes less disease)
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15
Q

(Rotavirus infection of intestinal cells)

  1. How long is incubation?
  2. Death is the result of what?
A
  1. short incubation (~12 hours)
  2. dehyration and secondary bacterial infection

(just look at this slide a little)

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16
Q

(Diagnosis of Rotavirus)

1-3. What three ways can these be detected?

  1. Can they be isolated?
A
  1. detection of virus in fecal smears by FAT
  2. EM and immune EM
  3. antigen capture ELISA
  4. difficult to isolate

(can also do electrophoresis of RNA segments when looking for specific serotypes)

17
Q

(Blue tongue)

  1. What kind of disease is blue tongue disease (contagious or non) (wat is the vector)?
  2. they are part of non-traffic trade barrier - virus causes much economic loss
  3. How many serotypes? how many in US?
  4. Also infects what?
A
  1. It is a non-contagious (don’t get from another animal - need a vector) arthropod borne viral disease of sheep
  2. 25; 5
  3. cattle (non-symptomatic), goats, deer
18
Q

(BV pathogenesis)

  1. how long is incubation?
  2. Virus replicates where?
  3. Can it cause viremia? for how long?
  4. Because cattle can get it for long periods and don’t show any symptoms - what does this mean?
  5. What does it cause in deer and antelope?
A
  1. short
  2. vascular endothelial cells
  3. yes; 14 to 28 days
  4. means that cattle can spread it
  5. peracute hemorhagic disease
19
Q

(BV pathogenesis)

  1. What is the vector?
  2. Virus replicates where in vector?
A
  1. culicoides spp
  2. salivary glands

(virus persists for lifespan of vector)

21
Q
A

C (can replicate in here)

22
Q

He says to look at this

23
Q
  1. What causes the tongue to turn blue?
A
  1. loss of vasculature

(also get coronary bands and torticolis)

24
Q

(Diagnosis of Bluetongue)

  1. What is the best way to diagnose and identify?
A
  1. RT-PCR

(Serology not so good cause you get a lot of false negatives)

25
Q

(Control of Bluetongue)

(his voice cut out here - so if you have time page through these slides quick)

  1. Controlling what help control bluetongue?
  2. Is immunity serotype specific?
  3. Can bluetongue survive outside of susceptible hosts and insect vectors?
A
  1. the Culicoides spp (the vector)
  2. yes
  3. no (carcasses not a source) - it is non-contagious
26
Q
A

figure this one out

27
Q

(Foot and mouth disease)

  1. Causes a highly contagious and debilitating vesicular disease.
  2. Inactivated at what pHs?
  3. What is the host range?
A
  1. less than 6.5 and greater than 11
  2. all cloven hoofed animals
28
Q

(Foot and Mouth)

29
Q

(Foot and Mouth)

  1. Where is greatest concentration of virus?
  2. Transmitted by what?
A
  1. in vesicular fluid
  2. direct contact, inhalation or ingestion
30
Q

(Foot and Mouth)

1-3. What are three clinical signs?

A
  1. Profuse salivation
  2. Ruptured tongue vesicles
  3. Vesicular lesions
31
Q

(Foot and Mouth)

  1. How high is morbidity (the rate of incidence of disease)?
  2. mortality?
A
  1. 100%
  2. less than 1% (heavy mortality in calves though - due to acute myocarditis)
32
Q

(Foot and Mouth)

in sheep and goats

33
Q

look at these

34
Q

Diagnosis of FMDV

35
Q
A

figure this out

36
Q

Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMC)

  1. causes what in sows?
  2. control it how?
A
  1. reproductive failure
  2. reduce rodent population (they carry it), by vaccination

002 - Virology (14 decks)

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