07 - Virology Flashcards
All enveloped viruses acquire their envelope from the plasma membrane except for:
Herpes virus - acquired from the nuclear membrane
All viruses are haploid except for:
retrovirus - diploid
Enumerate: RNA viruses with segmented genome (4)
Bunyaviruses
Orthomyxovirus (Influenza)
Arenaviruses
Reoviruses
BOAR
Enumerate: Negative-stranded RNA viruses: (6)
Arenaviruses Bunyaviruses Paramyxoviruses Orthomyxoviruses Filoviruses Rhabdoviruses
Always Bring Polymerase Or Fail Replication
Gold standard in diagnosis of viral infection:
Presence of viral DNA or RNA
First vaccine known to prevent a human cancer:
HBV
Most common sites of viral infection and disease:
oropharynx and respiratory tract
All DNA viruses have double-stranded DNA except:
Parvovirus
All DNA viruses have linear DNA except:
Hepadna, Papilloma, and Polyoma
All DNA viruses are icosahedral except:
Poxvirus
All DNA viruses replicate inside the nucleus except:
Poxvirus (cannot enter the nucleus because of its size)
- The only virus with a fiber:
- What is this fiber called?
- Adenovirus
- Penton fiber
- Most common viral STD:
- What strains cause this?
- Condyloma accuminata
- HPV 6 and 11
The only hepatitis virus whose genome is DNA:
Hepatitis B virus (Hepadna)
Enumerate: diseases with blueberry muffin lesions: (3)
- Congenital Rubella
- Congenital CMV
- Disseminated Neuroblastoma
- Identify: syndrome of swelling of the liver and brain, leading to encephalitis
- what viral infection can cause this syndrome?
- Reye syndrome
- VZV
Most common infectious cause of congenital abnormalities:
congenital CMV infection
- Most common cause of blindness in AIDS patients:
- at what CD4 counts does this condition occur?
- CMV retinitis
- CD4 < 40
- The only disease that has been eradicated from the face of the earth:
- What is the name of the virus?
- smallpox
- Variola virus
Identify: the largest viruses
Variola virus
The only DNA virus that produces DNA by reverse transcription with mRNA as the template:
Hepatitis B virus (Hepadnaviridae)
All RNA viruses have single-stranded DNA except:
Reovirus and Rotavirus
All RNA viruses replicate in the cytoplasm except:
Influenza and Retrovirus
Most common cause of myocarditis and pericarditis:
Coxsackie virus
Most common clinical form of Polio virus infection:
abortive poliomyelitis
Most common cause of aseptic meningtis:
Coxsackie virus
Enumerate: (5) viruses of the Picornaviridae family:
- Poliovirus
- ECHO (Enteric Cytopathic Human Orphan) virus
- Rhinovirus
- Coxsackie virus
- Hepatitis A virus
PERCH on a PIC!
Most common cause of nonbacterial diarrhea in adults:
Norwalk virus
Most common cause of childhood diarrhea:
Rotavirus
Each year, _______ is the most common cause of respiratory tract infections.
Influenza (A)
Enumerate: member viruses of the Paramyxoviridae family:
- Parainfluenza virus
- RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus)
- Measles virus
- Mumps
PaRaMMyxovirus
Most important cause of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in infants:
RSV (Respiratory Syncitial Virus)
The only vaccine that is routinely used post-exposure:
Rabies virus
Most prevalent blood-borne pathogen:
Hepatitis C virus
Enumerate: (5) signs of Congenital Rubella Syndrome:
- cataracts
- sensorineural deafness
- mental retardation
- patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
- blueberry muffin baby
Bulag, Bingi, Bobo, Butas ang puso, Blueberry Muffin
Most complex of the known retroviruses:
HIV
Enumerate: (give organism and diagnosis)
AIDS-defining illnesses at CD4 < 500:
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis - disseminated TB
- Herpes Simplex Virus - HSV esophagitis
- Candida albicans - esophageal candidiasis
- Human Herpes Virus 8 - Kaposi sarcoma
MHCH!
Enumerate: (give organism and diagnosis)
AIDS-defining illnesses at CD4 < 200:
- Pnemocystis jirovecii - PCP pneumonia
- Toxoplasma gondii - cerebral toxoplasmosis
- Coccidiodes immitis - coccidioidomycosis
- Cryptococcus neoformans - meningitis
- Crytosporidium parvum - chronic diarrhea
PTCCryCry
Enumerate: (give organism and diagnosis)
AIDS-defining illnesses at CD4 < 50:
- Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex (MAC) - invasive pulmonary disease
- Histoplasma - histoplasmosis
- Cytomegalovirus - CMV retinitis
- These viral strains (2) can cause croup
- another name for croup
- radiographic sign for croup
- parainfluenza virus 1 and 2
- laryngotracheobronchitis
- steeple sign
