06b_Emotions and Aggression Flashcards
Early emotions:
Two types
Primary/basic emotions
Self-Conscious emotions
Primary/basic emotions that appear soon after birth
interest
sadness
disgust
distress
Self-conscious Emotions:
18 to 24 months
jealousy
empathy
embarrassment
Empathy:
Two main components
Cognitive:
perspective taking
Affective:
emotional reaction to another person’s well-being
Characteristics of parents of children with highest levels of empathy
Sensitive to feelings
Nonpunitive
Nonauthoritarian
Reason with children about consequences of their behavior
Empathy Training
Identifying feelings, and feelings of others
Recognizing similarities between oneself and others
Responding positively to others
Families of highly aggressive boys:
Two main characteristics
Coercive interactions
Poor parental monitoring of children’s activities
Coercive Family Interaction Model
Children initially learn aggressive behaviors from parents who…
rarely reinforce prosocial behaviors
use harsh discipline
reward aggressiveness with approval and attention
*Over time, aggressive parent-child interactions escalate
Aggression:
3 Social-cognitive factors
Self-efficacy beliefs
Beliefs about outcomes of behaviors
Regret or remorse
Aggression:
Self-efficacy beliefs
Aggressive children say it is:
easy to perform aggressive acts
&
difficult to inhibit aggressive impulses
Primary/basic emotions that appear by 6 to 8 months
anger
joy
surprise
fear
Self-conscious Emotions:
30 to 36 months
shame
guilt
pride
