02b: Histology

Question 1

Secretion granules of exocrine cells are (basally/apically/laterally) located. And those of endocrine cells are (basally/apically/laterally) located.

Answer 1

Apically;

Basally

Question 2

Paneth cells will have (apical/basal) secretory granules. And EECs?

Answer 2

Apical;

Basal

Question 3

You may see profiles of (X) vessels in the adrenal (cortex/medulla).

Answer 3

X = medullary veins

Medulla

Question 4

T/F: Like the kidneys, the adrenals lack serosal envelope and are retroperitoneal.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Cells of (X) layer of adrenal cortex are arranged in linear fashion and contain finely vacuolated cytoplasm. These cells are called (Y).

Answer 5

X = zona fasciculata
Y = spongiocytes

Question 6

Adrenal medullary cells are (smaller/larger) than those in cortex and their nuclei look (X). These relatively (basophilic/eosinophilic) cells are formally called (Y).

Answer 6

Larger;
X = round and euchromatic
Basophilic
Y = chromaffin cells

Question 7

T/F: Adrenal medulla’s parenchyma is actually composed of modified parasympathetic ganglia.

Answer 7

False - sympathetic ganglia

Question 8

The thyroid’s ovoid/spheroid multicellular (X) structures are surrounded by wall of (Y) cells. The cell’s (apical/basal) surface faces inward.

Answer 8

X = follicles
Y = follicular
Apical

Question 9

The content of thyroid follicle, (X), would be expected to stain (positive/negative) in PAS stain and appear (Y) color.

Answer 9

X = thyroid colloid
Positive;
Y = magenta

Question 10

Thyroid colloid consists of (X) protein, produced by (Y) cells.

Answer 10

X = thyroglobulin
Y = follicular

Question 11

Follicular cells of (X) have (basally/apically)-located phagosomes that contain (Y).

Answer 11

X = thyroid
Apically;
Y = colloid

Question 12

(X) cell in thyroid gland has basally-localized granules.

Answer 12

X = parafollicular (or C)

Question 13

The parathyroid’s parenchyma consists of which cell(s)? Star the most numerous.

Answer 13

1. Chief (principal)*

2. Oxyphil

Question 14

Secretory granules in the pars nervosa are (apically/basally)-located.

Answer 14

No secretory cells in pars nervosa

Question 15

Looking at scan of pituitary, you notice the (neuro/adeno)-hypophysis has prominent gold-stained (Y), scattered throughout the area. Which type of stain is used?

Answer 15

Both (esp adenohypophysis)
Y = RBCs (in blood vessels)

Trichrome stain

Question 16

Herring bodies in (X) will have certain staining properties due to which of their contents?

Answer 16

X = pars nervosa

Hormones packaged in vesicles in axon terminal

Question 17

(X) are the supporting cells of the pars nervosa. Their characteristic (Y) nuclei can be seen faintly in trichrome stain.

Answer 17

X = pituicytes
Y = oval, euchromatic

Question 18

List the only cells’ nuclei you’d expect to see in histo slide of pars nervosa.

Answer 18

1. Endothelial cells

2. Pituicytes

Question 19

T/F: The pars distalis and the pars nervosa are the glandular parts of the pituitary.

Answer 19

False - neurohypophysis is NOT glandular. Adenohypophysis is

Question 20

Cells of the pars distalis are classified into which three categories? Star the most numerous of these.

Answer 20

1. Acidophilic
2. Basophilic
3. Chromophobes*

Question 21

(X) cells in pars distalis are PAS-positive and have (Y)-containing granules in cytoplasm.

Answer 21

X = basophil
Y = glycoprotein (FSH, LH, TSH) or ACTH

Question 22

(X) artery gives rise to primary capillary plexus, which surrounds (Y) structure of pituitary.

Answer 22

X = superior hypophyseal a
Y = median eminence

Question 23

(X) artery gives rise to secondary capillary plexus, which surrounds (Y) structure of pituitary.

Answer 23

X = superior hypophyseal a
Y = pars distalis

Question 24

(X) artery gives rise to branches, which supply pars nervosa.

Answer 24

X = inferior hypophyseal

Question 25

List the structures that comprise the hypophyseal stalk.

Answer 25

1. Infundibular stalk

2. Pars tuberalis

Question 26

List the structures that comprise the anterior lobe of pituitary.

Answer 26

Pars distalis

Question 27

List the structures that comprise the posterior lobe of pituitary.

Answer 27

Pars nervosa and intermedia

Question 28

T/F: Median eminence is part of adenohypophysis.

Answer 28

False - neurohypophysis

Question 29

T/F: Infundibular stalk is part of neurohypophysis.

Answer 29

True

Question 30

Unlike sinusoids, (X) arteries originate (above/below/within) adrenal cortex capsule and have which course?

Answer 30

X = medullary (or long cortical)
Below;

Deliver blood directly to medullary cap’s without picking up hormones from cortex

Question 31

Which region(s) of adrenal gland contains lipid droplets?

Answer 31

All regions of cortex (but not medulla)

Question 32

Adrenal (medulla/cortex) contains cells high in sER. And rER?

Answer 32

Cortex (all regions);

Medulla high in rER