0001 - Demonstrate knowledge of principles, critical elements, sequences, and stages of motor development during infancy, childhood, and adolescence Flashcards
Demonstrate knowledge of principles, critical elements, sequences, and stages of motor development during infancy, childhood, and adolescence.
What is Motor Development?
The process by which a person learns how to use and manipulate the muscles to move the body in the desired way.
What are the stages of motor development?
Begins with simple movements as an infant, which will progress through childhood and adolescences. even though some children may master and develop theses skills at different rates, children should master specific skills around he same age.
By adulthood, a person should have ____________ over their muscles and understand their body in relation to their surroundings, and be able to manipulate their environment.
Full Control
Motor development is divided into two different types?
Gross Motor Development and Fine Motor Development
Define Gross Motor Development/Skills
Refers to large muscles, such as in the arms, legs, and torso. The development of these muscles is important for everyday activities such as walking, running, lfting, throwing, and kicking. This is directly to body strength, balance, and speed.
Define Fine Motor Development/Skills
Refers to the smaller muscles and the movements created by them, such as muscles of one’s hand Actions such as grasping, reaching with your fingers, and holding objects are examples of fine motor skills.
Define Visual Motor Skills
Often referred to as “hand-eye” coordination, are also an important part of developing fine motor skills.
What are the four stages of motor development?
Reflexive, rudimentary, fundamental, and specialized movement phase
Define the reflexive stage
Where children develop reflexes that help them orient their bodies and complete simple movements.
Define the rudimentary movement phase.
When children develop basic motor skills like grasping, sitting, standing, and walking.
Define the fundamental movement stage
When children develop basic movement and manipulation skills, like bending, twisting, running and jumping, and throwing and catching a ball.
Define the specialized movement phase
Once all three stages before this are mastered children move onto this stage. This stage they master more precise movements and skills related to specific tasks. Some major that occur as children progress through these stages include holding their head up, rolling over, sitting, standing, and walking.
What are some of the different factors that can influence motor development?
Genetics, muscle tone, gender, and environment
Motor Development in Infants
Starts with reflective movements in infants which are reactions to natural stimuli such as light or sound. This can be voluntary or involuntary. Some motor skills that develop over time include picking up their heads, rolling over, sitting, crawling, standing, and walking with support.
Motor Development in Children
When young people develop the skills necessary to interact with the world around them. During this time the person will develop improved coordination and control over their bodies and to synchronize the movement of different body parts and improve their flexibility, balance, and agility. Some major gross motor skills that should develop during this time include walking, jumping, walking up and down stairs, throwing and catching a ball, and riding a bike. Some fine motor skills include coloring, drawing, recognizing shapes, stacking objects, learning to print, and buttoning and unbuttoning.
