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엔클렉스 패스하자 > 식이 > Flashcards

식이 Flashcards

1
Q

저 K 식이

A

cabbage(양배추), lettuce(상추), carrot(당근), cranberry, cauliflower, apple, pineapple, peaches

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2
Q

고 K 식이

A

orange, banana, avocado, tomato(가공안된거), strawberry(크렌베리 제외한 베리류), beans, mushrooms, potato, brocoli, spinach, melon(cantalope, honeydew), Na substitute, kiwi,
raisines(건포도), carrots, fIsh/pork/beef/veal(송아지)

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3
Q

고 N 식이

A

tomato juice, peanut butter, tomato sauce
Bacon, butter /cheese/milk, canned food/ lunch meat, hot dogs/ketchup/mustard, processed food, table salt/soy sauce, Snack food

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4
Q

저 N 식이

A

생과일, 야채, rice, fresh fish

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5
Q

고 C 식이

A

우유(대체가능식품: sardine[정어리]-ca,vitD 풍부)
> 유제품, soy milk, cheddar cheese, Yogurt
, beans, 녹색채소, Spinach/kale, Collard greens, Tofu, Rhubarb(대황.중국의 다년초식물)

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6
Q

고 P 식이

A

우유, 유제품, 동물성단백질(pork, beef, chicken,organ meats), 탄산음료, cheese, Fish, Nuts,pumpkin, squash(한국단호박같이 생긴애), whole grains bread and cereals, Daily product

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7
Q

고 Vit.K 식이

A

Green leafy vegetables, fish, liver, coffee, tea

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8
Q

Mg 식이

A

Avocado, Green leafy vegetables-spinach(시금치)/broccoli, Peanut Butter, potatoes, almonds,peas(완두콩), Oatmeal, wheat bran(밀기울.밀에서 가루를 빼고 남은 찌꺼기), Fish (canned white tuna/mackerel[고등어]), Cauliflower, chocolate (dark), Legumes(콩류), Nuts/raisins(건포도), Oranges, Milk/yogurt, pork/beef/chicken/soybeans

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9
Q

acne

A

low fat

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10
Q

acute gastroenteritis

A

clear lipuid

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11
Q

acute glumerolonephritis

A

급성 사구체신염

Na ↓, Protein↓, K ↓, Calories ↑ ★★

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12
Q

Addison’s dis

A

애디슨 병은 콩팥 위 부신피질 생성 스테로이드호르몬인 “코티솔과 알도스테론 생산에 이상”
#코티솔은: 지방질, 당질, 단백질의 대사에 관여. 지방질, 단백질 분해-> 당질 만듬, 체내 저장 당질을 혈액 속으로 배출, 같은 말로 하이드로코르티손.
#알도스테론: 신체 Na, K, 수분 양 조절
Na↑, K↓

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13
Q

iron deficiency anemia

A

iron ↑
With Vitamine C->acide juice or water dilute / Avoid milk with Iron medi
​
Lean beef(기름기없는소고기)/ liver ,Oysters(굴), Chicken, chicken liver, Turkey, Beans and lentils, Tofu, Baked potatoes, Cashews, Dark green leafy vegetables ( spinach), Fortified breakfast cereals(강화된 아침시리얼), Whole-grain and enriched bread, Dried fruits, Egg york, legumes(콩류)

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14
Q

perinicious anemia

A

protein ↑, Vit.B12↑ ( shellfish, beef, liver, fish)

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15
Q

sicklecell anemia

A

fluid ↑ (for hydration)

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16
Q

angina pectoris

A

협심증

Cholesterol ↓

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17
Q

arthritis-gout

A

purine retricted

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18
Q

ADHD& bipolar

A

finger food, Kcal ↑

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19
Q

burn

A

Calorie ↑, protein ↑, Vit.C ↑

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20
Q

Celiac’s dis

A

buck wheat(메밀), rice, corn, millet(조,기장 등 낱알식물),Quinoa, Tapioca, Chia, Buckwheat (most of these are used as substitutes for baking as in cakes, breading on meats, pasta etc.) , potato , soy, tapioca, Plain Meats (fish, beef, chicken, turkey etc.), Vegetables and Fruits
Nuts, Beans, Legumes
Dairy (not malt)….however watch dairy because many patients with Celiac Disease may be lactose intolerant
GLUTEN 금기:BROW 금기
Barley(보리), rye(호밀),Oats, Wheat ( buckwheat) ,
Malt, Beer ,Pasta Noodles, Seasonings, Soups, Anything with breading that doesn’t say GF, Anything that looks like bread: croutons, crackers, bread, dough, cookies, most cereals, oats unless they say GF

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21
Q

Cholecystitis

A

담낭염

Protein ↑, Carbohydrate ↑, fat ↓

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22
Q

CHF

A

Na ↓, Cholesterol ↓

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23
Q

Cretinism

A

크레틴병(선천성 갑상선 기능 저하증에 의해 발생하는 발육 부전)

Protein ↑, Ca ↑

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24
Q

Chrohn dis

A

소화관 어느 부위에서나 발생하는 만성 염증성 장질환.

Protein ↑, carbohydrate↑, fat↓, Calorie ↑

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25
Q

Cushing dis

A

부신겉질호르몬 중에 주로, 글루코코르티코이드의 대표인 코르티솔이 만성적으로 과잉 분비되는 병태.

K↑, Na↓

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26
Q

Cystitis

A 
방광염
Acid ash(for alkaline stones)
Alkaline ash(for acid stones)
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27
Q

Decubitus ulcer

A

욕창

Protein ↑, Vit.C ↑

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28
Q

DM

A

well balanced diet

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29
Q

Dia

A

K↑, Na↑, Liduid, low-fiber, regular fluid & electrolyte replacement

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30
Q

Diverticulitis

A

게실염
Low resideu
-중간~심한게실염 초기…IV antibiotics, NPO…bowel rest so healing can begin. TPN/IV fluids or fat emulsions to help with nutrition
-호전양상에 따라: clear liquids and then low-fibre foods (NOTE: this is the only time a person with diverticulosis needs to consume a low-fibre diet)
Jello(젤리), broths(수프,죽), apple juice etc.
Low-fibre foods: White rice, cooked fruits or vegetable without seeds or skin, eggs…
-회복되면: needs to consume high fiber foods (fresh fruits and vegetables, beans, oats and other grains)…keeps stools soft and bulky…decreases episodes of constipation
-Drink plenty of fluids (2-3 L)
-Goal to avoid constipation: Psyllium (Metamucil) (softer and bulker) Probiotics
avoid seeds, nuts etc. but now research is showing patients do not have to avoid seeds (pumpkin, sunflower), nuts, fruit/veg with seeds unless they are intolerant to them already.

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31
Q

Diverticulosis

A

곁주머니증
high residue, fiber↑ (fresh fruits and vegetables, beans, oats and other grains)…keeps stools soft and bulky…decreases episodes of constipation
fluid ↑(2-3L-> HF,Renal failure Pt는 MD order마다 액체양 감시필요), whole grain ↑,
Goal to avoid constipation: Psyllium (Metamucil.차전피가루.하제용) (softer and bulker)
Probiotics
★금기(Seed&nuts, cucumber[오이], squash[한국단호박같이생긴애], tomato, popcorn, corn, berry류)
but now research is showing patients do not have to avoid seeds (pumpkin, sunflower), nuts, fruit/veg with seeds unless they are intolerant to them already.

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32
Q

Dumping syndrome

A

위를 절제한 후에 음식물이 급격하게 대량으로 작은창자로 들어가기 때문에 발생하는 증세.

fat↑ ,Protein ↑, carbohydrate↓

33
Q

Hepatic encephalopathy

A

low protein

34
Q

Hepatitis

A

Calorie ↑, Cho ↑, moderate fats& protein

35
Q

Hirschsprung dis

A

히르슈슈프룽병. 장의 연동운동 신경절세포가 결여되어 만성변비-> 대장 확장되는 선천성 질환

Calorie ↑, residue ↓, protein ↑

36
Q

hyperparathyroidism

A

부갑상선기능항진증(혈중 칼슘농도는 높으며, 인 농도는 낮고, 다량의 칼슘과 인이 요중에 배설)

Ca ↓

37
Q

HTN, HF, CAD

A

Na↓, Kcal ↓,fat↓

38
Q

hperthyroidism

A

갑상선기능항진증. 에너지를 필요 이상으로 만들어내면 몸이 더워지고 땀이 많이 나며 체중이 줄고, 자율신경기능이 흥분되어 심장박동수가 빨라집니다
Calorie ↑, Protein ↑

39
Q

hypoparathyroidism

A

부갑상샘기능저하증. 부갑상샘호르몬(PTH)의 작용부족에 의해 저칼슘혈증, 고인산혈증을 초래한 병태.

Ca↑, P ↓

40
Q

hypothyroidism

A

갑상샘기능저하증. 증상중에 체중증가 있음

Calorie ↓, cholesterol↓, saturated fat↓

41
Q

Kawasakie’s dis

A

4세 이하의 영유아에게서 발생하는 급성 열성 발진증.

Clear liquid

42
Q

liver cirrhosis

A

hesi: Na↓, K↓, fat↓, Cho↑
Encephalopathy 기간: low protein diet: protein breaks down into ammonia / fluid↓, Na↓
If neuro system NOT compromised: high lean protein (fish, poultry) NO ETOH, or raw seafood (oysters….contain bacteria that the immune system is too weak to fight and detoxify from the body), fluid restriction, needs vitamin

43
Q

Meniere’s dis

A

내이에 발생하는 질환으로, 난청, 어지럼증, 이명, 이충만감의 4대 증상을 특징으로 하는 질환.

Na↓

44
Q

Myocardial infarction

A

심근경색

fat↓, Cho↓, Na↓

45
Q

Nephritic syndrome

A

신장사구체 모세혈관에 이상-> 혈액 내 단백질이 신장으로 빠져나가 ->다량의 단백뇨-> 몸 안의 단백질이 소실되어 저알부민혈증->혈액 중의 수분이 혈관 밖으로 빠져나오면서 피부 밑에 고여 몸이 붓게 된다.
K↓, Na↓, Protein↑, Calorie↑

46
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Ca↑, Vit.D↑

47
Q

pancreatitis

A

fat↓(nonfat dairy products, 지방 없는야채,과일) , protein↑, Limit sugar, small& frequent& regular feeding, /CHO↓( lean meats[살코기] fish, chicken,green peas), 알콜X,

48
Q

peptic ulcer

A

fat↑, Cho↑, Protein ↓, bland diet(무자극식)

49
Q

phenylketonuria

A

단백질 속에 함유되어 있는 페닐알라닌을 분해하는 효소가 결핍되어 체내에 페닐알라닌이 축적되어 경련 및 발달장애를 일으키는 상염색체성 유전 대사 질환. protein↓, phenylalanine↓

50
Q

pregnancy induced HTN

A

protein ↑

51
Q

renal colic

A

신장산통.

Na↓, Protein↓

52
Q

renal failure

A

Acute>

  • oliguria phase: protein ↓, carbo↑, Na↓
  • diuretic phase: protein↑, calorie ↑, fluid 제한

Choronic>
Protein ↓, Na↓, K↓

53
Q

tonsilitis

A

clear liquid

54
Q

diverticulitis

A
  • Acute phase: NPO graduating to liquid
  • recovery phase: fiber X, bowel 괴롭히는 음식X
  • maintenance phase: high fiber diet with bulk forming laxatatives to stop pooling of foods in pouches avoid small poorly digested food like corn. nuts. seeds
55
Q

colon ca

A

fiber↑, fat↓

56
Q

cancer

A

Kcal ↑, protein ↑

57
Q

constipation

A

fiber↑, fluid↑

58
Q

COPD

A

soft, Kcal↑, Cho↓, fat↑, small& frequent feeding

59
Q

gallbladder dis

A

담석증(cholelithiasis), 담낭염(cholecystitis), 담관염(cholangitis), 담낭선근증, 담낭폴립(gallbladder polyp), 담낭암, 담관암 등
fat ↓, calorie↓

60
Q

gastritis

A

fiver↓, bland diet(무자극식이)

61
Q

hyperlipidemia

A

fat-controlled, calorie-restricted

62
Q

kidney stones

A

fluid ↑, ca-controlled, oxalate ↓(옥살산 多= 시금치, 땅콩, 초콜릿, 견과, 홍차, 양배추, 부추, 딸기, 당근 등)

63
Q

obesity, over-weight

A

fiber ↑, kcal restricted

64
Q

underweight

A

kcal↑, protein↑

65
Q

stroke

A

mechanical soft, regular or tube-feeding

66
Q

vomit

A

fluid, electrolyte replace

67
Q

CRF/CKD

A

limit fluid, Ca↑, vit.D↑, Cho↑, fat↓, P↓, Na↓, K↓, protein 적당히 (restricted)

68
Q

ARF

A

protein restricted, Kcal↑, fluid & Na &K= controlled

69
Q

Tyamine food

A

(MAOinhibitor 복용환자 ->금지)
-이스트, aged cheese/yogurts/Sour cream X ->cottage cheese(일부 유지방 제거하거나 완전히 유지방을 제거한 치즈). OK(low tyramine)
-smoked or cured meats(훈연을 한다음에 건조시키는 미트) (pepperoni, bacon, hot dogs) X
->fresh meat/poultry/fish/egg OK->low fermented food(발효가 적게된 음식)
-Beer/brewer’s yeast(맥주효모)/red wine, berry, sherry( 셰리주, 백포도주)X
-> De-caffein coffee, tea, or soda; club soda(탄산수); fresh or soy milk; bourbon(위스키의 일종으로 옥수수를 발효시켜 만든 켄터키 버본의 술.); gin(정류 알코올에 주니퍼 베리로 향기를 내는 무색투명한 증류주). ; rum(당밀이나 사탕수수의 즙을 발효시켜서 증류한 술);vodka
-avocado/banana/papaya, Chicken liver
Broad beans(누에콩)/ Soy souce/ sauerkraut(독일김치)
caffeine/coffee/tea/chocolate, Eggplant(가지), Figs(무화과), Meat extract tenderizers(고기추출물연화제..?)
Overripe fruit(지나치게 익은 과일), Pickled herring(청어)
Raisins X
->low: Most fresh, canned, or frozen veggies(vegetables); raisins

70
Q

Kosher diet(Judaism)

A

유대교음식
chicken, sheep, beef, turkey, salmone, tuna
★금기(pork, crpa, shellfish, clam, octopus, combination of meat& milk)

71
Q

라텍스 알러지 공유음식(알러지 risk ↑)

A

bananas, avocado, chestnut(밤), kiwi fruit(tropical fruit)

72
Q

colonostomy food

A

장루한 사람 식이
Start out slow (1st 6 weeks) with fiber↓, 조금씩 자주, 수분 전해질 상태 감시, 천천히 먹고 철저하게 씹은 다음 가능한만큼 먹는다.
ileostomy Pt-> 수분을 유지하고 게토레이와 같은 유체 및 전해액 용액을 섭취(대장을 통과할 수 없는 풍부한 유체가 많이 손실되고 있음을 기억하라).
-주의하여 소량을 먹거나 완전히 소화되지 않는 음식은 완전히 피하십시오: Corn, celery, peas, coleslaw(양배추샐러드), popcorn, nuts and seeds, raisins(건포도), the skin of fruits(과일껍질), raw mushrooms and pineapple etc
-과도한 가스를 유발하지 않도록 하는 식품: beans, onions, eggs, broccoli, cabbage, garlic, alcoholic beverages, fish, apple,artichokes(아티초크), Barley(보리), bran(밀), brussels sprouts(브리셀양배추), celery, figs(무화과), melons, milk, molasses(당밀), nuts, Radishes(무), soybeans, wheat,yeast…high fibrous foods

73
Q

GERD

A

위-식도 역류 질환 [gastroesophageal reflux disease]

금기: greasy, fatty, ETOH, soft drinks, coffee, peppermint/spearmint

74
Q

lacto -ovo vege

A

락토오보(LactoOvo 유란 채식) : 채식을 하면서 달걀, 우유까지 먹는 경우

75
Q

Lacto vege

A

락토(Lacto 우유 채식) : 채식을 하면서 우유, 유제품은 먹는 경우

76
Q

Ovo vege

A

달걀과 야채만 먹는 경우

77
Q

vegan

A

Only vegetable vitamine B12필요(only meat에만 있음)/total gasterectomy후에도 IM or SC(iron deficiency anemia 위험)

78
Q

파킨슨 dis

A 
Easy to chew, soft
Avoid (Carbidopa/Levodopa) with a high protein meal
Avoid MAOI(Azilect) with Tyramine food
Don’t take too much B6 ->약 효 떨어짐
Encourage high fiber foods

엔클렉스 패스하자 (10 decks)

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