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Path - Microbiology > Zoonoses > Flashcards

Zoonoses Flashcards

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1
Q

80% ofcampylobacterfood poisoning in theUKcome from ?

A

contaminated poultry, especially chicken

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2
Q

apart from raw chicken how else can one get campylobacter infection?

A

red meat, unpasteurised milk and untreated water.

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3
Q

presentation, investigation and management of Campylobacter infection?

A 
• Clinical Presentation
		○ Diarrhoea 
		○ Bloating 
		○ Cramps 
	• Investigations
		○ Stool culture
	• Management
		○ Supportive
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4
Q

reservoir for salmonella?

A

○ Poultry

○ Reptiles/amphibians

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5
Q

there are 200 strains of salmonella and only 2 are human pathogens, the rest are zoonoses. which are the 2?

A

Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi A, which are adapted to humans and do not occur in other animals.

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6
Q

clinical presentation of a patient with patient with salmonella?

A

• Clinical Presentation
○ Diarrhoea
○ Vomiting
○ Fever

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7
Q

IVX and management of a patient with salmonella?

A 
• Investigations
		○ Stool culture
	• Management
		○ SUPPORTIVE - self resolving
		○ Ciprofloxacin 
Azithromycin
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8
Q

reservoir for Bartonella henselae ?

A

kittens/cats - mouths

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9
Q

Bartonella henselae causes which 2 diseases?

A

Cat Scratch Disease

Bacillary angiomatosis

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10
Q

what is the clinical presentation of cat scratch disease?

A

Macule at site of innoculation
Becomes pustular
Regional adenopathy
Systemic symptoms

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11
Q

ivx and management of cat scratch disease?

A

Investigations
Serology

Management

Erythromycin
Doxycycline

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12
Q

what is the clinical presentation of Bacillary angiomatosis?

A

Occurs in immunocompromised
Skin papules – distal to site of bite
Disseminated multi-organ and vasculature involvement

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13
Q

ivx and management of Bacillary angiomatosis?

A

Investigations:
Histopathology!!* -liver/spleen
Serology

Management:
Erythromycin
Doxycycline
PLUS rifampicin

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14
Q

Reservoir for toxoplasmosis?

route of transmission?

A

Cats
Sheep

Transmission:
Infected meat**
Faecal contamination*

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15
Q

what is the clinical presentation of toxoplasmosis?

A

Immunosuppressed:

Fever
Adenopathy
Still-birth
Progressive visual, hearing, motor, & cognitive issues
Seizures
Neuropathies
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16
Q

ivx and management of salmonella?

A

Investigations
Serology

Management

Spiramycin
Pyrimethamine plus sulfadiazine

17
Q

typhoid fever is caused by?

A

Salmonella Typhi, Paratyphi A, Paratyphi B, and Paratyphi C

18
Q

Reservoir for Brucellosis?

route of transmission?

A

Cattle
Goats

Transmission:
Unpasteurised milk
Undercooked meat
Mucosal splash
Aerosolisation/inhalation
19
Q

what is the clinical presentation of brucellosis?

A

Fever
Back pain
Orchitis
Focal abscesses (Psoas, liver etc)

20
Q

ivx and management of Brucellosis?

A

Investigations
1st line - Blood/pus culture
Serology - takes a while to get back

Management

Doxycycline PLUS
Gentamicin OR
Rifampicin

21
Q

which zoonotic disease has an Incubation period- usually 30 days but can be up to 5 months

A

coxiella burnetti

many are subclinical infections

22
Q

what is the clinical presentation of Coxiella burnetti?

A 
Fever
‘Flu-like illness
Pneumonia
Hepatitis
Endocarditis
Focal abscesses (Para-vertebral/discitis etc)
23
Q

ivx and management of coxiella?

A

Investigations
Serology

Management

Doxycycline
(hydroxychloroquine

24
Q

Reservoir for Rabies?

A

Reservoir
Dogs
Cats
Bats

25
Q

Rabies is what type of virus?

A

Lyssa

not lassa!

26
Q

Viruses in which family have a high fatality rate often near 100%

A

Rhabdoviruses

e.g. rabies

27
Q 
patient presents with Seizures
Excessive salivation
Agitation
Confusion
Fever
Headache

this is what? how to investigate?

A

Rabies

Ivx:
Serology
Brain biopsy
USA saliva PCR

28
Q

Management of rabies?

A

Management:

Last stage = fatal
Immunoglobulin - HRIG only given if direct exposure to saliva
Vaccine

29
Q

Streptobacillus moniliformis or Spirillum minus

are responsible for which condition?

A

rat bite fever

30
Q

patient is bitten by a rat and develops the following:

Fevers
Polyarthralgia
Maculopapular progressing to purpuric rash
Can progress to endocarditis

most likely diagnosis? Ivx?

A

rat bite fever

Investigations:
Joint fluid microscopy & culture
Blood culture

31
Q

how long after rat bite may one develop rat bite fever?

A

2-10 days

32
Q

management of rat bite fever?

A

Management:

Penicillins

33
Q

the following viruses cause which condition?

Deer mouse; Sin Nombre virus
White footed mouse; Sin Nombre virus
Cotton rat; Black canal virus
Rice rat; Bayou virus

A

Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome

34
Q

where is Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome popular?

A

Western & southern USA and most of central & South America

35
Q

homeless patient living in sewers in southern USA presents with:

Fever
Myalgia
‘Flulike illness
Respiratory failure

Bleeding
Renal failure

he is exposed to mice and rats

which condition? Ivx?

A

Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome

ivx:
Serology
PCR

supportive management

36
Q

The following viruses cause which condition:

Lassa,
Marburg,
Ebola,
Congo-Crimean Hemorrhagic Fever

A

Viral Haemorrhagic Fever

37
Q

patient coming from Africa camping trip in safari presents with:

Fever !!
Myalgia
‘Flulike illness
Bleeding – from all orifices

diagnosis? ivx? management?

A

Viral Haemorrhagic Fever

ivx:
Serology
PCR

Mx:
supportive

38
Q

3 important tests in patients with zoonoses?

A

Culture, serology, PCR

39
Q

why would a suspect case of Viral Haemorrhagic Fever

be isolated?

A

transmission is via Contact with fluids of infected

Path - Microbiology (27 decks)

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