Zoo lab 5/6

Question 1

Positional anatomy

Answer 1

anterior/posterior (head to butt)
dorsal/ventral (back to front)
medal/lateral (middle to outer)

Question 2

How to ID male vs female pig

Answer 2

Females have genital papilla ventral/anterior to the anus
Males have two posterior scrotal sacs and a ventral urogenital orifice just posterior to the umbilical cord

Question 3

Salivary glands and oral cavity (9)

Answer 3

Parotid gland - long gland that is spongy
Mandibular gland - much more compact glandular tissue anterior to the parotid gland
Oral cavity - mouth
Tongue - self-explanatory
Soft palate/Hard Palate - hard is anterior to the soft
Glottis - opening to the trachea
Epiglottis - cover to the glottis when food bolus comes near it
Esophagus - leads to the stomach
Eustachian tube - two slits on lateral sides of the nasopharynx

Question 4

Thoracic region (7)

Answer 4

Pleural cavity - contains the right and left lung
Pericardial cavity - contains the heart
Thymus - part of the lymph system that produces T lymphocytes and is glandular in nature, around the trachea
Larynx - anterior to the trachea (voice box)
Thyroid gland - reddish-brown endocrine gland
Trachea - windpipe with cartilaginous rings
Esophagus - food pipe that leads to the stomach and rests left near the trachea

Question 5

Abdominal region and digestive system (11)

Answer 5

Coelom - body cavity that contains the two regions
Peritoneal cavity - abdominal cavity separated by the diaphragm
Pleural cavity - surrounds the lungs
Pericardial cavity - contains the heart
Gall bladder - underneath the liver, it is green
Liver - large tissue in the right side of the body, above the stomach
Stomach - sac attached to the esophagus
Small intestine - duodenum (first few cm past the stomach), jejunum (follows the duodenum) , ileum (slightly thick and green)
Colon - large intestine - cecum (finger-like pouch), spiral colon (pretty obvious), descending colon - leading to the rectum, then the anus
Pancreas - glandular tissue attached to the small intestine
Spleen - narrow organ to the left of the peritoneal cavity

Question 6

Human torso

Answer 6

Know all the digestive structures on it, parotid/mandibular gland, and the appendix

Question 7

Shark

Answer 7

Liver, stomach, small intestine, pancreas, gills, heart, aorta, gastric artery, anterior intestinal vein

Question 8

Frog

Answer 8

Liver, stomach, small intestine, pancreas, lungs, ventricle, right atrium, aorta

Question 9

Urinary system for both male/female pigs

Answer 9

Kidney - ureter - urinary bladder - urethra -> penis or urogenital sinus -> urogenital orifice

Question 10

Male reproductive system

Answer 10

Within the scrotal sac lies a testis -> epididymis -> ductus deferens (within the spermatic cord) –> seminal vesicles –> urethra -> penis -> urogenital orifice
Dorsal to the urethra is the bulbourethral gland (prostate in humans)

Question 11

Female reproductive system

Answer 11

Uterus -> coelom/osteum -> oviduct -> horn of the uterus -> body of the uterus -> vagina -> urogenital sinus -> urogenital orifice
genital papilla is the defining characteristic

Question 12

What kind of circulatory system does a pig have?

Answer 12

Closed circulatory system - blood is contained within their vessels

Question 13

4 chambers of the heart and the canal between them and what is the heart in?

Answer 13

left/right atrium & ventricle
foramen ovale
within the pericardial sac

Question 14

Venous system from the precaval to head, shoulder, forearm

Answer 14

Precaval vein -> innominate vein -> internal jugular (head), external jugular (head), subscapular vein (shoulder), axillary vein (forearm)

Question 15

Vein of the heart

Answer 15

Coronary vein, on the hearts ventral surface

Question 16

Vein receiving oxygenated blood

Answer 16

Pulmonary vein

Question 17

Vein of the thoracic wall

Answer 17

Hemiazygous vein, dorsal to the heart and drains tissues from the dorsal thoracic wall

Question 18

Postcaval vein and down

Answer 18

Hepatic portal vein- attached to the viscera (comes into same vein as the umbilical vein)
Hepatic vein - Liver to the postcaval vein (there are 2 of them and they are superior to the umbilical vein)
renal vein - veins coming from the kidney
iliac veins - leading to the two hind limbs
umbilical vein - leading from the placenta through the liver to the postcaval vein via the ductus venosus

Question 19

Artery from the heart

Answer 19

Pulmonary trunk ->Pulmonary artery
Aorta

Question 20

Between pulmonary trunk and aortic arch

Answer 20

Ductus arteriosus

Question 21

Arteries From the aorta

Answer 21

Brachiocephalic artery 1st -> leads to the right subclavian which becomes the right axillary artery, and left/right common carotid arteries
Left subclavian 2nd
Celiac artery
Anterior mesenteric artery
External iliac arteries
Umbilical artery

Question 22

Know structures on the human torso from lab 6

Answer 22

kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, heart, aorta, post/precaval vein

Question 23

Human Heart Model

Answer 23

atria/ventricles
pulmonary trunk & arteries
pulmonary veins (4)
bicuspid (mitral) valve (left heart) / tricuspid valve (right heart)
semilunar valves of the aorta and pulmonary artery