Zill - Nasal Cavity Flashcards
Main functions of nasal cavity?
Modify Air (warm, humidfy, filter)
Sense Smell
Directional outcome of nasal cartilage?
Opens inferiorly toward mouth = you smell what you eat
What benefit does the shape of the nasal conchae (turbinates) offer?
Increase surface area
Boundaries of nasal cavity?
Floor = Maxillary Bone, Palatine Bone
Roof = Nasal Bone, Frontal Bone, Ethmoid, Sphenoid
Lateral Wall = Nasal Bone, Maxillary, Inferior Concha, Palatine, Ethmoid, Sphenoid
Clinical: Fracture of Nose?
Break Cribiform Plate, Floor of Ant. Cranial Fossa
CSF can leak from Nose
Can result in Meningitis
What is unique about the Inferior Concha?
It’s a separate bone
The Superior/Middle are on the Ethmoid
Clinical: What areas are susceptible to sinus infections in the head?
Maxillary Sinus - Hiatus Semilunaris
Frontal Sinus - Infundibulum
**Nerves of Nasal Cavity**
Chemical?
General Sensation?
Muscous Glands?
Chemical - CN I (Olfactory N.)
General Sensation (Somatic Sensory) - V1 + V2
V1 Anterior Ethmoidal, V2 Nasal Branches, V2 Nasopalatine
Mucous Glands (Visceral Motor Parasympathetics) - CN VII (Facial N., by Pterygopalatine Ganglion)
Clinical: What can be unique about the nature of nosebleeds?
Can be extensive due to Anastomoses, spurt if arterial
Major branch = Sphenopalatine Artery (From maxillary)
Other branches from Ophthalmic, Facial
Clinical: Sinus Infection of Ethmoid?
if blocked, infection can spread to Orbit
Clinical: Complications to sinus from dental work?
Roots of maxillary teeth are in floor of Maxillary Sinus; this structure can be damaged by tooth extraction
Clinical: Infected sinus referred pain?
V2 - Ant. and Post. Sup. Alveolar N. supplies Maxillary Sinus & teeth
An infected sinus can feel like tooth ache
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Test by pressing on maxillary sinus
Palate Development
Primary vs Secondary
Primary - Anterior to incisive foramen, formed by union of Medial Nasal Processes
Secondary - Posterior to incisive foramen, formed by fusion of Maxillary Processes
Clinical: Posterior Cleft Palate
Failure of fusion of Secondary Palate
(failure of Maxillary Processes to fuse on each side)
Clinical: Anterior Cleft Palate (Cleft Lip)
Failure of fusion of Medial Nasal Process and Maxillary Process
“Cleft Lip”
