Egleton - Spinal Cord Morphology

Question 1

2 Primary Divisions of Nervous System

Answer 1

Central Nervous System (brain, spinal cord, meninges)

Peripheral Nervous System (everything else)

Question 2

White Matter vs Grey Matter

Answer 2

White matter = myelinated axons

Greay matter = neurons

Question 3

Association Pathways

Answer 3

Axons connect different cortical areas within one hemisphere

Question 4

Commissural Pathways

Answer 4

Axons connect areas on both sides of the brain (generally homotopic areas)

Question 5

Projection Pathways

Answer 5

Axons connect specific areas to other areas or nuclei, can be ascending or descending

Question 6

Ascending vs Descending Neurons

Answer 6

Ascending - Neurons in the spinal cord projecting axons rostrally to synapse in the thalamus

Descending - Motor neurons in the cortex projecting to the spinal cord to allow for voluntary movement

Question 7

What is meant by the orders of pathways?

Answer 7

1st Order - Initial signal received

2nd Order - Signal carried to brain

3rd - Signal carried to higher level of brain

Question 8

Conscious Spinal Cord Information

Exteroceptive vs. Proprioceptive

Answer 8

Exteroceptive:

• Somatic Receptors: Touch, pressure, heat, cold, pain
• Telereceptors: Vision, hearing

Proprioceptive:

• Locomotor - Muscles, joints, bones
• Vestibular Labyrinth

Question 9

Non Conscious Spinal Cord Information

Answer 9

Proprioception:

Smooth muscle coordination

Interoception visceral reflexes

Question 10

Where do dorsal rootlets enter the spinal cord?

Where doe ventral rootlets leave?

Answer 10

Posterolateral Sulcus

Anterolateral Sulcus

Question 11

Where are the cell bodies of primary sensory neurons located?

Answer 11

Dorsal Root Ganglion (DRG)

Question 12

Number and Type of Segments in Spinal Cord

Answer 12

31

8 Cervical

12 Thoracic

5 Lumbar

5 Sacral

1 Coccygeal

Question 13

Conus Medullaris

Answer 13

End-point of spinal cord

Question 14

Spinal Cord Enlargements

Answer 14

Cervical - Supplies upper extremities, extends from C5 - T1

Lumbar - Supplies lower extremities, extends from L2 - S3

Question 15

Rough Dermatome Map?

Face

Non-Face Head, Top Arm, Shoulder, Neck

Trunk, Bottom Arm

Lower Extremitity Front

Sex Organ, Anus, Hamstring/Achilles

Answer 15

Face - Trigemina (V1-3)

Non-Face Head, Top Arm, Shoulder, Neck - Cervical

Trunk, Bottom Arm - Thoracic

Lower Extremitity Front - Lumbar

Sex Organ, Anus, Hamstring/Achilles - Sacral

Question 16

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