Risher - CNS Vasculature Flashcards
Main two arteries that supply the brain?
Anterior = Internal Carotid Artery
Posterior = Vertebral Artery
Circle of Willis
Anterior Cerebral
Anterior Communicating Artery*
Posterior Communicating Artery
Posterior Cerebral
*Highest risk for Berry Aneurysm
Cerebral Cortex Vascular Supply
Trunk, Leg, Foot, Genitals = Anterior Cerebral Artery
Arm, Hand, Face, Tongue = Middle Cerebral Artery (largest area)
Posterior Cerebran Artery = Bottom of cerebral cortex
What is the posterior cerebral artery a branch of?
Basilar Artery
What vessel supplies the basal ganglia and posterior internal capsule?
What are they at risk for?
Penetrating Branches of Middle Cerebral Arteries
Thin walked, highly susceptible to rupture (elevated in hypertension)
OPA
O = Opthalmic Artery
- Central Retinal Artery
- Ciliary Artery
P = Posterior Communicating Artery
- Arises at level of optic chiasm, supplies hypothalamus, parts of thalamus
A = Anterior Choroidal Artery
- Choroud plexus, Hippocampus, Amygdala, parts of thalamus, internal capsule, corpus striatum
Basilar Artery
Pontine Arteries (Pons)
Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (AICA) (Inner Ear, Anterior/Inferior Cerebellum/Pons/Medulla)
Superior Cerebellar Artery (Surface of cerebellum)
Posterior Cerebral Artery (midbrain, occipital lobe, inferior lateral and medial temporal lobe), parts of thalamus
Vertebral Artery
Posterior Spinal Artery (dorsal 1/3 of spinal cord)
Anterior Spinal Artery (ventral 2/3 of spinal cord)
Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (PICA) (Inferior surface of cerebellum, choroid plexus of 4th ventircle, dorsolateral medulla)
Occlusion of Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (PICA)?
Wallenberg’s Syndrome
Damage to nucleus ambiguus, which innervates the laryngeal muscles
Symptoms: Dysphonia (lack of speech coordination), Dysarthria (unclear speech articulation), and Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing)
What is the flow of venous blood in the brain?
External Cerebral veins go upward to Superior Sagittal Sinus
Internal veins join to form Great Cerebral Vein (of Galen), joins Inferior Sagittal Sinus joins Straight Sinus joins Confluence of Sinuses join Transverse Sinus joins Sigmoid Sinus joins Jugular
What is the consequence of having single anterior artery and two posterior arteries around the spinal cord?
Posterior better suited to handle pathological issues since there is a “backup”
Blood Supply: Cortex
Anterior, Middle, Posterior Cerebral Artery (3x)
Blood Supply: Retina
Ophthalmic Artery
Blood Supply: Basal Ganglia and Internal Capsule
ACA, MCA
Blood Supply: Thalamus
Posterior Communicating
Anterior Coroidal
Posterior Cerebral Artery
