YR3 20 SSEye

Question 1

Eyelid; compo.

Answer 1

Skin, Mucous membrane & Eyelashes

Question 2

Eyelash Disorders

Answer 2

Distichiasis, Trichiasis, Entropian and Blepharitis

Question 3

Eyelash Disorders - Distichiasis

Answer 3

Extra row of eyelashes

Question 4

Eyelash Disorders - Trichiasis

Answer 4

Abnormally directed eyelashes

Question 5

Eyelash Disorders - Entropian

Answer 5

Rolling in of eyelids e.g. Shar-pei

Question 6

Eyelash Disorders - Inflammation

Answer 6

Blepharitis

Question 7

Conjunctiva; types

Answer 7

Bulbar & Palpebral

Question 8

Inflammation of the conjunctiva

Answer 8

Conjunctivitis

Question 9

Conjunctivitis; causes

Answer 9

Allergic, Irritant and Infectious Agents (feline herpesvirus, feline chlamydia, ovine chlamydia - ‘pink eye’)

Question 10

Pink Eye - Sheep; agent

Answer 10

Ovine Chlamydia

Question 11

Pink Eye - Rabbits; agent

Answer 11

Pasteurella multocida

Question 12

Bulbar Conjunctiva Swelling

Answer 12

Chemosis

Question 13

Chemosis - Cats; agent

Answer 13

Chlamydia infection

Question 14

Third Eyelid aka

Answer 14

Nictating membrane

Question 15

Nictating Membrane Disorders

Answer 15

Prolapse, Prolapse of the third eyelid gland, Congenital deformities and Trauma

Question 16

Nictating Membrane Disorders - Prolapse; types

Answer 16

1)Unilateral e.g. retrobulbar mass, inflammation or 2)Bilateral e.g. ‘Haw’s syndrome’ in cats, tetanus in dogs

Question 17

Nictating Membrane Disorders - Prolapse of 3rd Eyelid Gland

Answer 17

Cherry eye

Question 18

Nictating Membrane Disorders - Congenital Deformity

Answer 18

Rolling in of the free margin

Question 19

Haw’s Syndrome in Cats

Answer 19

Fever, diarrhoea and bilateral 3rd eyelid prolapse. Can last up to 6mths and resolve

Question 20

Lacrimal Duct; funct.

Answer 20

Drains xs lacrimal secretions

Question 21

Lacrimal Duct; disorders

Answer 21

Blockage by 1)Congenital stenosis or 2)Acquired strictures (often due to inflammation)

Question 22

Cornea Disorders

Answer 22

Keratitis, Ulceration and Keratoconjunctivitis sicca

Question 23

Cornea Inflammation

Answer 23

Keratitis

Question 24

Keratitis; pathogenesis

Answer 24

Trauma/UV damage/Conjunctivitis > Leucocytes move in from conjunctiva > as part of the inflammatory response, vascularisation of the otherwise avascular cornea takes place > Blood vessels grow in from the conjunctiva or limbus (junct. Of cornea & sclera)

Question 25

Keratitis - Acute; gross

Answer 25

1)Cloudiness of cornea due to oedema and WBC 2)Prominent vessels at limbus

Question 26

Keratitis - Later; gross

Answer 26

1)Neovascularisation 2)Pigmentation (melanin) 3)+/- ulceration, rupture 4)Scarring

Question 27

Corneal Pigmentation aka

Answer 27

Melanosis

Question 28

Corneal Ulceration; types

Answer 28

Superficial and Deep

Question 29

Deep Corneal Ulcers; aka, define

Answer 29

Descemetocoele, when the ulcers expands through the stroma and exposes Descemet's membrane (Descemet's membrane does not pick up fluorescein

Question 30

Ulcerative Keratitis; causes

Answer 30

1) Infectious Agents - feline herpesvirus, bovine pink-eye 2) Trauma - cat scratch, foreign bodies, eyelashes 3) 'Dry Eye'

Question 31

Pink Eye - Cow

Answer 31

Moraxella bovis

Question 32

Cornea Dryness; aka, cause

Answer 32

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca - due to destruction of lacrimal glands > lack of tear production

Question 33

Keratoconjunctival sicca; causes

Answer 33

Immune mediated destruction of the lacrimal glands - Esp. Cocker spaniels

Question 34

Keratoconjunctival sicca; gross

Answer 34

Red Eye, Chronic - neovascularisation and corneal oedema and scarring

Question 35

Corneal Ulceration; sequelae

Answer 35

Corneal rupture or iris prolapse

Question 36

Miscellaneous conditions of the cornea

Answer 36

Dermoid and Corneal sequestrum

Question 37

Dermoid

Answer 37

Overgrowth of normal, non-cancerous tissue in an abnormal location

Question 38

Corneal Sequestrum

Answer 38

Sequestered pigmented piece of stroma surrounded by inflammation - Cats only; Persians, Siamese

Question 39

Lens; make up

Answer 39

Layers of protein containing fibres. Fibres contain high proportion of soluble crystalline proteins > translucent

Question 40

Lens; nutrition

Answer 40

Via Aqueous humor; No blood supply

Question 41

Lens; effects of aging on fibres

Answer 41

Aged fibres become desiccated (esp in the centre of lens > no longer translucent

Question 42

Lens Disorders

Answer 42

Nuclear sclerosis, lens luxation and cataract

Question 43

Nuclear sclerosis

Answer 43

Normal aging change of dogs due to condensed fibres in nucleus of lens

Question 44

Lens luxation

Answer 44

Displacement of the lens from its normal position

Question 45

Cataract; due to

Answer 45

Denaturing and clumping of the lens fibres

Question 46

Cataract; cause

Answer 46

1) Inherited 2) Aging 3) Diabetes (osmotic effect) 4) Galactose (e.g. fostering baby marsupials on cow's milk) 5) Glaucoma

Question 47

Uvea

Answer 47

Vascular tunic of the eye

Question 48

Uvea; 3 parts

Answer 48

From front - Iris, ciliary, choroid

Question 49

Uvea - Disorders; types

Answer 49

Congenital and Acquired

Question 50

Uvea - Congenital Anomalies

Answer 50

Coloboma (defect/hole) - Uni or Bilateral

Question 51

Uvea - Acquired Disorders

Answer 51

1) Uveitis | 2) Neoplasms

Question 52

Uveitis; causes

Answer 52

1) Infectious Agents - septicaemia, perforating wounds, feline infectious peritonitis 2) Lens induced (rupture of cataract or traumatised lens) 3) Immune mediated in horses ('moon blindness')

Question 53

Moon Blindness

Answer 53

Recurrent/periodic ophthalmitis. Possible immune response to lepto antigens

Question 54

Glaucoma

Answer 54

Increased intra-ocular pressure due to blockage from anterior chamber

Question 55

Eye Neoplasms

Answer 55

Squamous cell carcinoma (cows, horses), Meibomian adenoma (dogs), Iris melanoma

Question 56

Iris Melanoma

Answer 56

Malignant compared to benign Iris freckle. Dogs - locally invasive, Cats - very aggressive, metastasises