YR 8 - Chemistry [Chemical Reactions] Flashcards
What are all substances made of?
All substances are made from particles called atoms.
What are elements
Elements are the simplest substances and are only made up of one atom.
What are compounds?
Compounds contain 2 or more elements chemically bonded.
What are mixtures?
Mixtures contain 2 or more elements or compounds not chemically bonded. Mixtures can be separated.
How can mixtures be separated?
Mixtures can be separated using techniques such as: filtration, chromatography, evaporation and distillation.
What is the periodic table?
The periodic table is a list of all the elements.
What are the verticals columns and horizontal rows called?
The vertical columns are called groups. The horizontal rows are called periods.
What can the periodic table be split into?
The Periodic table can be split into Metals and Non-metals.
What happens when an element is burnt in air?
When an element burns in air, an oxide is produced.
What are signs of a chemical reaction?
Signs of a chemical reaction: colour change, change in temperature, production of a gas, production of a new substance.
What can compounds do in chemical reactions?
In chemical reactions, compounds can change into other compounds, or make elements.
What do chemical equations show?
Chemical equations show what happens in a reaction. Reactant —> Products.
What are precipitates?
Precipitates are solids which are made when two liquids react together.
What does a metal produce when reacting with an acid?
A metal reacts with an acid to make a salt and hydrogen gas.
What does hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid and nitric acid make?
Hydrochloric acid makes chloride salts. Sulphuric acid makes sulphate salts. Nitric acid makes nitrate salts.
What is the test for hydrogen gas?
Test for hydrogen gas: glowing splint burns with a squeaky pop.
What are the properties of a metal?
Properties of metals: shiny, strong, dense, malleable, ductile, good conductors of heat and electricity, high melting and boiling points.
What are the properties of a non-metal?
Properties of non-metal: dull, brittle, low density, poor conductors of heat and electricity, low melting and boiling points.
What is the reactivity series?
Metals can be listed in order of how reactive they are. This list is called the reactivity series.
What are the group 1 elements known as?
The group 1 elements are also known as the alkali metals.
What happens when group 1 elements react with water?
When the group 1 elements react with water, they produce a metal hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
What is a displacement reaction?
A displacement reaction is when a more reactive metal takes the place of a less reactive metal in a compound.
What is an example of a displacement reaction?
Example of displacement reaction: Magnesium + copper sulphate —> magnesium sulphate + copper.
What is rust?
Rust is the product of the corrosion of iron.
