YR 2 - Global Politics: 3 other Theories

Question 1

NAME the 3 other theories of global politics (not realism / liberalism)

Answer 1

• the end of history
• clash of civilisations
• the anarchical society / society of states

Question 2

Explain the idea of The End of History theory

Answer 2

-after the fall of the USSR (1990), there was no other alternative to democracy and capitalism
- so the rest of history will be revolved around democracy and capitalism

Question 3

How can we challenge The End of History theory?

Answer 3

Since 2001 (9/11), there has been challenges to liberal democracy and capitalism. This can also be seen through religious fundamentalism, and the rolling back of democracies in countries Russia, Turkey

Question 4

How many civilisations does Huntington identify in his Clash of Civilisations theory, and name 2

Answer 4

9
-Western
-Sinic
-Latin-American
-Islamic
-Hindu
-Orthodox
-African
-Japanese
-Buddhist

Question 5

What does Huntington say about the civilisations?

Answer 5

There would be cooperation between within civilisations and conflict between civilisations. With difference of values.

Question 6

Which civilisations did Huntington particularly say would be in conflict

Answer 6

Conflict between the ‘declining West’ , the ‘rising Sinic’ (East) and the ‘chaotic Islamic world’

Question 7

Give 1 criticism of Huntington’s clash of civilisations theory

Answer 7

1) there are vast divisions within civilisations
2) most conflicts take place between states within a civilisation or within states (civil war)
3) doesn’t consider the impacts of globalisation, especially cultural

Question 8

What 2 theories does the Anarchical society integrate?

Answer 8

Liberal + neorealist ideas

Question 9

Explains the realist ideas of the anarchical society theory

Answer 9

-states are (legally) equal, independent and sovereign
-states aren’t under any higher political authority so there’s global anarchy

Question 10

Which area of realist thinking does the anarchical society theory disagree with?

Answer 10

Disagrees with Hobbesian terms (pessimistic view of human nature / nature of states)

Question 11

What name does Hedley Bull (the anarchical society theory) give his liberal idea?

Answer 11

SOCIETY OF STATES

Question 12

Summarise the society of states concept (the anarchical society theory)

Answer 12

-states become conscious of their common interests and values.
-this leads states to form a society, where they see themselves as bound together by a common set of rules in a their dealing with eachother, and share the working of international institutions
-the common rules and international institutions such as international law and diplomacy, regulate anarchical society.