Topic 2: political parties - ESTABLISHED Flashcards
Summarise what we mean by ONE NATION conservatism
A paternalistic approach, that the rich have an obligation to help the poor. It advocates the preservation of established institutions & traditional principles within a political democracy.
Name 3 key principles of one nation conservatism
-pragmatic response to issues, rather than ideological
-organic society with rich + poor bound to each other
-strong law and order to control society
-preservation of tradition
-prioritising property + home ownership
-theory of noblesse oblige
what is noblesse oblige?
those of a higher social standing, i.e. the nobility, have a moral duty or ‘obligation’ to help those of a lower social standing who, through no fault of their own, have fallen on hard times or found themselves in a difficult situation.
what is the NEW RIGHT?
the neo-conservatives who want the state to take a more authoritarian approach to morality and law and order (THATCHERISM), and the neo-liberals who endorse the free-market approach + the rolling back of the state in people’s lives & businesses.
name 2 key principles of neo-conservatism (new right)
-tradition
-nationalism
-strong forces of law & order in an authoritarian state
-national interest always priority
name 2 key ideas of neo-liberalism (new right)
-welfare benefits produce a dependency culture
-trade unions hinder economic development
-markets shouldn’t be regulated by
the state
-state should disengage from political management
-high tax is a disincentive to work
what policies do neo-liberals carry out?
reducing direct taxes, privatising industries, reducing welfare benefits so that they are only a ‘safety net’ for those who have no means of supporting themselves, and curbing the powers of trade unions. they propose allowing the economy to find its own natural level, even during recessions, rather than the state actively trying to control economic activity.
summarise the current Conservative policies for economic management
-Economic management: want to halve inflation. ensure national debt is falling. increase benefit cap in line with inflation. freeze personal tax thresholds. increase national living wage. anti - trade union legislation. PRIVATISATION
summarise the current conservative policies for welfare, foreign policy and constitutional reform
Social: ‘work not welfare’. NHS waiting lists to fall. free childcare and support for childminders. keep taxes low
foreign policy: British nationalism. strong military. Deal firmly with immigration. Stop small boats.
what do we mean by old labour?
Key Labour principles embodying nationalisation, redistribution of wealth from rich to poor and the provision of continually improving welfare and state services. For the working class
what is new labour/the third way?
A revision of the traditional Labour values and ideals represented by Old Labour. Influenced by Anthony Giddens, the ‘Third Way’ saw Labour shift in emphasis from a heavy focus on the working class to a wider base, and a less robust alliance with the trade unions.
what are current labour policies for economic and social management
economic management: increase tax for top 5% of earners. Government should handle public services.
Social: cut NHS waiting lists, large & efficient welfare state. Nationalisation. Keep universal credit.
