Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

med microbiology > Yersinia and Vibrio > Flashcards

Yersinia and Vibrio Flashcards

1
Q

Yersinia pestis is also called what?

A

plague

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Yersinia pestis is gram ___ with the shape of ____

A

negative and rod shaped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Is Yersinia pestis an anerobe or aerobe?

A

facultative anaerobic bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

if the plague is on the foot what is it called?

A

septicemic plague

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

If the plague is in the respiratory system it is called?

A

Pneumonic plague

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the difference between the transmission of bubonic plague and pneumonic plague?

A

bubonic plague is transfered from animals to person while Pneuomic plasue is transfered person to person.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the symptoms of bubonic plague?

A
  • sudden onset of fever, chills, weakness

- swollen and painful lymph nodes (buboes) usually in the groin, armpit or neck.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does bubonic plague usually result from?

A

bite of insect of flea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the incubation of Bubonic plague?

A

2-6 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the most common form of plague aka Yersinia pestis

A

Bubonic plague

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the symptoms of Septicemic plague?

A
  • sudden onset of fever, abdominal pain and chills like in bubonic plague
  • bleeding in the extremities
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Septicemic plague may be complication of what?

A

untreated bubonic plague or contact with fleas or skin of diseased animals.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the most serious form of the plague?

A

Pneumonic plague

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the symptoms of pneumonic plague>

A
  • rapidly developing pneumonia
  • shortness of breath
  • sometimes bloody sputum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is sputum

A

mixture of saliva and mucus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the incubation of Pneumonic plague?

A

As little as 1 day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How is Pneumonic plague transferred?

A

human to human

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The viruence of Yersinia pestis allows it the ability to do what?

A

resist phagocytic killing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The type III secretion system of Yersinia pestis secrets toxins do what? How?

A
  • dephosphorylate several proteins required for phagocytosis induce cytotoxicity by disrupting actin filaments and initiate apoptosis in macrophages
  • Also supresses ctokine production, in turn disminishing the inflammatory immune response to infection.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Yersinia pestis has two plasmids that encode virulence genes. what are they?

A

(1) fraction 1 (f1) gene

(2) Plasminogen activator (pla) protease gene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What does the plasmid fraction 1 (f1) gene code?

A

codes for an antiphagocytic protein capsid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what does the plasmid that encodes the gene plasminogen activator (pla) protease gene code?

A

degrades components C3b and C5a. The pla gene also degrades fibrin clots, permitting Yersinia pestis to spread rapidly.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Yersinia pestis has another virulence factor that _____ by siderophore-independent mechanism

A

absorbs organic iron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How is Yersinia pestis treated?

A
  • Streptomycin (Intramuscularly)
  • Gentamicin (intramuscularly)
  • Alternative drugs may be administered intravenously
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
how is the plague transferred in fleas?
biofilms in fleas
26
What is enzootic?
endemic in animal population
27
What bacterial infection is known as being Enzootic
Yersinia pestis
28
The plague has thought to evolve from what?
pseudotuberculsis
29
Does plague survive in macrophages?
yes
30
Virulence of the plague is from?
plasmids, faculatative intracellular organisms (invasive), type 3 secretion.
31
Yersinia psuedotuberculosis causes what?
Gastroenteritis and sometimes pseudoappendicitis
32
Yersinia enterocolitica is what type of infection?
food-borne infection (under cooked pork)
33
Yersinia entercolitica symptoms are typically?
diarrhea and abdominal pain most cases resolves on its own.
34
Vibro is gram _____ and shaped -_____
gram negative and rod shaped
35
What are the three major species?
1) Vibrio cholerae- cholera 2) Vibrio parahaemolyticus 3) Vibrio vulnificus
36
Vibrio cholerae causes what?
cholera
37
Vibrio parahaemolyticus causes what?
gastroenteritis
38
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is associated with what?
contaminated raw oysters and other shellfish
39
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is common where?
In Japan and SE Asia
40
Vibrio vulnificus is what?
uncommon but potentially life threatening infections with seawater exposure
41
Vibrio cholerae is gram ____ and shaped as what?
gram negative and curved rod
42
Vibrio cholerea is a major problem where?
Indiana subcontinent, sub-Sahara Africa
43
Vibrio cholerae can cause what?
Diarrhea (rice watery stool)
44
What are the two major sero-groups of vibrio cholerae?
1) O1 (classical and El TOr biotypes) | 2) O139
45
How many pandemics were there of vibrio cholerae?
7 and killed more than 40 million people
46
Vibrio cholerae lives where?
brackish and marine environments
47
Biofilms growth of Vibrio cholera is associated with what?
chitin attachment (specific adhesion)
48
Simple filtration protocol removes what?
invertebrates and adherent cholera
49
Cholera becomes viable not culturable during part of year?
possibly due to starvation or biofilm formation
50
what is the pH of cholera?
pH 6.5-9 and susceptible to stomach acid.
51
Was is the infectious dose of cholera?
large infectious dose 10^3-10^6 cells
52
what is the cholera virulence?
-Toxin co-regulated pilus ( TCP) - Cholera toxin (ctxA, ctxB genes) - stimulate cAMP production (adenylate cyclase) in intestinal cells.
53
What does chloera's virulence Toxin co-regulated pilus (TCP) do?
adhesion to epithelial cells.
54
what does chloera's virulance cholera toxin (ctxA, ctxB genes)
on lysogenic phage
55
What does chlorea's virulence stimulating cAMP production (adenylate cyclase) in intestinal cells
hypersecretion of water and electrolytes
56
Quorum sensing in Vibrio cholerae is unlike other bacteria how?
unlike other baceria high cell density turn off the virulence genes adn start detachments of the cells from host.
57
What is the treatment for cholera?
- Rehydration therapy. - vaccine with limited effectiveness and not recommended by WHO or CDC -Doxycycline in adults Azithromycin in children and pregnant woman -Sometimes Zn salts are used
58
What is the effecto of rehydration therapy for cholera?
replaces fluids and electrolytes which reduces mortality from ~20% to less than 1%
59
Different medications for treating cholera based on age .
- Doxycycline in adults | - Azithromycin in children and pregnant women
60
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is most common cause of what?
sea-food associated gastorenteritis in US and general gastroentertitis in Japan and SE Asian
61
Vibrio parahaemolyticus causes what?
gastroentertitis, wound infection and sepsis
62
Virulence factors of Vibrio parahaemolyticus
- polar flagellum - lateral flagella - Multivlent adhesion molecues (MAM) - siderophores - ferrichrome - Aerobactin - Thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) - TDH related hemolysin (TRH)
63
TDH is a virulence factor of Vibrio parahaemolyticus that does what?
Hemolysis and cytotoxicity; Thermostable direct hemolysin
64
The virulence factor TRH is a virulence factor of Vibrio parahaemolyticus that does what?
Hemolysis and cytotoxicity; TDH related hemolysin
65
The virulence factor T3SS1 Effectors is a virulence factor of Vibrio parahaemolyticus that does what?
cytotoxicity
66
The virulence factor T3SS2 Effectors is a virulence factor of Vibrio parahaemolyticus that does what?
Enterotoxicty and cytotoxicity.
67
What are the cellular consequences of T3SS1 of Vibrio parahaemolyticus
- Induction of autophagy - collapse of actin cytoskeleton - Destablization of plasma membrane
68
What are the cellular consequences of T3SS2 of Vibrio parahaemolyticus
- Disregulation of actin network, inhibition of apoptosis - Induction of cytotoxicity - Lack of innate immune activation and ccytokine production - Alteation of shape, possible loss of tight junction integrity
69
Virulence factors of Vibrio parahaemolyticus are related to what?
adhesion motility iron acquistion enterotoxin (diarrhea, usually self limiting and not as severe as cholera)
70
Capsule formation of Vibrio parahaemolyticus helps in what?
dissemination (resist immune response, may lead to sepsis)
71
Hemolysin causes lysis of what but not what?
hemolysis of human blood but not sheep blood
72
Cytotoxins affect various ceells including ____
phagocytes
73
Vibrio vulnificus is how rare but is also what?
rare (~50 cases/yr in US) but highly lethal ~50% mortality
74
Vibrio vulnificusis possibly associated with what?
people with predisposed to cirrhosis
75
Vibrio vulnificus is what type of disease?
food-borne associated with raw or undercooked oysters
76
Vibrio vulnificus has virulnce factors of what?
capsule and various enzymes adn toxins
77
How is Vibrio vulnificus treated?
prompt antimicrobial therapy.

med microbiology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions