Bordetella Flashcards
Bordetella is gram _____ with a shape _____
gram negative coccobacillus
What are the three species of Bordetella?
1) Bordetella pertussis
2) Bordetalla bronchiseptica
3) Bordetella parapertussis
What does Bordetella pertussis cause?
Whooping cough (pertussis infection)
What does Bordetella bronchiseptica cause?
bordetella infections in 4-legged animals; used as surrogate for research for pertussis.
What does Bordetella parapertussis cause?
Milder respiratory infection in humans.
Symptoms of Bordetella Pertussis? How long do they last?
- cold like symptoms (runny nose, low grade fever, highly contagious): 1-2 weeks (catarrhal phase)
- Numerous rapid coughs with whooping sound possibly with vomitting and exhaustion: 1-6 weeks sometimes up to 10 weeks (paroxysmal stage)
- Recovery (coughing lessens, prone to secondary infections).
What is the Catarrhal phase of Bordetella Pertussis?
Cold like symptoms that last 1-2 weeks
What is the paroxysmal stage of Bordetella Pertussis?
Numerous rapid coughs with whoop sound possibly with vomiting and exhaustion which last 1-6 weeks and sometimes up to 10 weeks.
What is the recovery phase of Bordetella Pertussis?
Coughing lessens, prone to secondary infections.
What are the complications of Bordetella Pertussis in infants?
Over half (57%) require hospitalization. Of those hospitalized approximately 25% get pneumonia and 1-2% die.
What are the complications of Bordetella Pertussis in older patients (teens and adults)
- weight loss
- loss of bladder control
- passing out
- rib fractures (cough complications)
How is B.Pertussis transmitted?
Respiratory droplets in the air
What are the toxins associated with Bordetella Pertussis?
- Adhesion
- Pertussis toxin (ptx gene)
- AB5 type toxin
- ADP
- and other toxins such as:
- ->Adenylate cyclase (CyA), ——> RTX type toxin
- —–> Trachael cytotoxin
- —–>Dermonecrotic toxin
How is Adhesin a virulence factor of Bordetella Pertussis?
Colonization of ciliated tracheal cells (filamentous hemmagglutin, pertactin and fimbriae)
How is Pertussis toxin (ptx gene) a virulence factor of Bordetella Pertussis?
It is responsible for most clinical symptoms and the altered form is used in vaccines
How is AB5 type toxin secreted in Bordetella pertussis?
Secreted by type IV secretion system, in to the medium in contact independent manner
How is ADP used as a virulence of Bordetella pertussis?
ADP ribosylation of G protein of the host.
The pertussis vacination is given as what?
a component of DPT vaccination (Diptheria, pertussis, Tetanus) vaccine.
One whole-cell vaccine had side effects in ____% with what side effects?
Had side effects in 1% or less with the side effects of prolonged crying in infants and fever.
In Japan old vaccine discontinued in 1975 what was the difference in Pertussis cases 3 years before discontinuation and 3 years after discontinuation?
- 3 years prior there were 400 cases and 10 deaths
- 3 years after discontinuation there were 13000 cases and 113 deaths.
Vaccinations does what to Pertussis?
decreases symptoms and severity as well as herd immunity.
New acellular vaccine is differ from the old vaccine how?
fewer side-effects, still effective at preventing disease.
Recommended booster shot (per CDC) for adults and pregnant woman why?
for fetus and neonate protection.
How is pertussis treated?
Some antibiotics can be used early in disease:
- Erythromycin
- clarithromycin
- azithromycin
- and sometimes Bactrim
