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Year 8 Assessments > Year 8 Science | Acids and Alkalis > Flashcards

Year 8 Science | Acids and Alkalis Flashcards

1
Q

Recall the six signs of a chemical reaction

A

1) Odour (smell) 2) colour change, 3) precipitate formed, 4) temperature change, 5) gas produced, 6) light emitted

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2
Q

What is a chemical reaction?

A

A change in which a new substance is made, atoms are rearranged.

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3
Q

What is a physical change?

A

A change in which all of the substances remain themselves

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4
Q

Name some physical changes

A

Changes of state (melting, freezing, condensing, evaporating, boiling), dissolving

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5
Q

Is water changing into ice a chemical or a physical change?

A

Physical - the particles are the same they are just moving differently

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6
Q

Is paper burning a physical or chemical change?

A

Chemical - new substances are made

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7
Q

Give an example of an acid from everyday life?

A

Citric acid (fruit), vinegar

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8
Q

Give an example of an alkali from every day life?

A

Soap, sodium bicarbonate (in baking powder), toothpaste

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9
Q

How do acids taste (not all are safe to taste!)?

A

Sour

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10
Q

How to alkalis feel and taste?

A

Soapy, taste bitter

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11
Q

Some acids and alkalis are dangerous. What problem can they cause?

A

Chemical burns to skin and eyes

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12
Q

What hazard sign do dangerous acids and alkalis have?

A

Corrosive (eats away at materials)

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13
Q

What hazard sign is found on acids and alkalis that might cause swelling or redness to skin?

A

irritant

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14
Q

What safety precautions do we take when working with acids and alkalis?

A

wear safety goggles, avoid skin contact

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15
Q

How can an acid be made safer?

A

It can be diluted with water

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16
Q

Which is more dangerous? Strong acid or strong alkali?

A

Equally dangerous

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17
Q

What is the difference between concentrated and dilute ?

A

A concentrated solution has more of the substance particle in a given volume.

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18
Q

What do we call a substance that changes colour in acid or alkali?

A

Indicator

19
Q

What colour would universal indicator turn in a strong acid?

A

Red

20
Q

What colour would universal indicator turn in a weak acid?

A

Orange

21
Q

Name 2 examples of indicators

A

Litmus paper and universal indicator

22
Q

Why is universal indicator moe useful than litmus?

A

It doesn’t just say whether something is acid or alkali, it shows how strong they are

23
Q

What is a neutral solution?

A

One that is neither acid nor alkali

24
Q

What is the formula for hydrochloric acid?

A

HCl

25
Q

What colour would universal indicator turn in neutral substance?

A

Green

26
Q

What colour would universal indicator turn in an alkali?

A

Purple

27
Q

What is the pH of a strong acid?

A

pH 1-3

28
Q

What is the pH of a weak acid?

A

pH 4-6

29
Q

What is the pH of a neutral substance?

A

pH 7

30
Q

What is the pH of a weak alkali?

A

pH 8-10

31
Q

What is the pH of a strong alkali?

A

pH 11-14

32
Q

What is the formula for sodium hydroxide

A

NaOH

33
Q

Define “neutralisation”

A

The reaction of an acid with an alkali to form a neutral salt and water

34
Q

What is a base?

A

A substance that neutralises an acid

35
Q

What is an alkali?

A

A base that dissolves in water

36
Q

Give two uses of neutralisation?

A

Getting the right pH in soil for farming, treating lakes affected by acid rain, toothpaste neutralising acids in mouths

37
Q

How can you use neutralisation to work out how strong an acid is?

A

See how much alkali is needed to neutralise it

38
Q

What is a salt ?

A

A substance that forms when an acid reacts with metal or with an alkali

39
Q

Recall the general equation for a neutralisation reaction

A

Acid + alkali -> salt + water

40
Q

Recall the general equation for an acid reacting with a metal

A

Acid + metal -> salt + hydrogen

41
Q

Which salt is produced when hydrochloric acid is used?

A

Metal chloride

42
Q

Which salt is produced when sulphuric acid is used?

A

Metal sulphate

43
Q

Which salt is produced when nitric acid is used?

A

Metal nitrate

44
Q

How can you collect the salt crystals from a neutralisation reaction?

A

Evaporate the water

Year 8 Assessments (18 decks)

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