YEAR 5 FINALS Flashcards
Treatment of C-DIFF?
1st-line therapy is ORAL vancomycin for 10 days
2-line therapy: ORAL fidaxomicin
3-line therapy: ORAL vancomycin +/- IV metronidazole
Life-threatening Clostridium difficile infection tx?
oral vancomycin AND IV metronidazole
specialist advice - surgery may be considered
Lower UTI (non pregnant & pregnant)
trimethoprim or nitrofurantoin for 3 days
1st-line: nitrofurantoin (should be avoided near term)
when is trimethoprim CI in Pregnant women?
trimethoprim is teratogenic in the FIRSTT trimester and should be avoided during pregnancy
asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women
what do u do after they finish their course of antibiotics?
an immediate antibiotic prescription of either
nitrofurantoin (should be avoided near term),
amoxicillin or cefalexin.
7-day course
further URINE CULTURE should be sent following completion of treatment as a TEST OF CUREEEEE
Dx of C-Diff
is made by detecting Clostridium difficile TOXXXINNN (CDT) in the stool
Clostridium difficile antigen positivity only shows exposure to the bacteria, rather than current infection…
Men with lower UTI
trimethoprim or nitrofurantoin 7 days
how do u treat asymptomatic bacateruria in Catherised patients?
DO NOT TREAT its normal
COPD infective excerbation
Treatment?
Prophylaxis
Oral prednisone for 5 days
Amoxicillin/Clarithromycin
CAP Pneumonia Tx
depending on different curbs
Curb 0–> Amoxicillin for 5 days
Curb 1-2–> amoxicillin & Doxy
Curb 3 or more–> admission to ITU
Pneumonia possibly caused by atypical pathogens
Clarithromycin
HAP tx
Within 5 days of admission–> co-amoxiclav or cefuroxime
More than 5 days after admission: piperacillin with tazobactam OR a broad-spectrum cephalosporin (e.g. ceftazidime) OR a quinolone (e.g. ciprofloxacin)
Pyelonephritis Tx? women and men?
pregnant?
1st line–> ORAL Cefalexin, or Ciprofloxacin
Pregnant:
impetigo Tx Cellulitis Tx (what if near eyes or nose)
impetigo–> topical fusidic acid (hydrogen peroxide)
cellulitits–> Flucloxacillin
near eyes or nose (co-amoxiclav)
Tx and organisms for:
Otitis Media
Otitis Externa (severe)
Necrotizing otitis Externa
OM–> (HSM)–> Amoxicillin 5-7 days
OE–> strep epidermis, staph aureus–> Flucloxacillin
NOE–> pseudomonas–> IV ciprofloxacin
Prophylaxis for meningitis
Prophylaxis for Ascites
oral rifampicin or ciprofloxacin
oral ciprofloxacin or norfloxacin
Chlamydia Gonorrhoea Syphilis Bacterial Vaginosis PID Candida H. pylori
Oral Doxy or Azithromycin
IM ceftriaxone
Benzathine benzylpenicillin
Oral or topical metronidazole or topical clindamycin
Clarythromycin, Doxycycline, Metriniadzole
Clotrimazole pessary or ORAL fluconazole
2 antibiotics and PPI
Latent TB tx
Active TB tx
Latent
R & I for 3 months
OR
Isonaziad for 6 mnths
active
RIPE–> 2 months
RI–> another 4 months
Gold standard Ix C-diff TB infectious mononucleosis Lyme disease
Cdif–> CDT (stool c diff TOXIN)
TB–> sputum culture
IM–> mono spot test
ELISA
GI Mx Campylobacter Shigella Salmonella Giardia E.coli
Clare is camping –> clarythromycin
shigella–> ciprofloxacin
sipping on some salmon soup–> Ciprofloxacin
Giardia–> metronidazole
Most common cause in COPD infective exacerbation OM OE infective endocarditis meningits encephalitis
- HSM
- HSM
- strep epidermis & staph aureus
- coxsackie ( enterovirus)
Mx meningitis Encephalitis listeria Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (HIV) MRSA Prostitis Legionella
M--> E--> L--> ampicillin for one month PJP--> co-trimoxazole MRSA--> vancomycin Prostitis--> 4-day course of ciprofloxacin 500mg BD Macrolides as clarithromycin
Mx in non-falciparum malaria
Primaquine
HIV infection, when to repeat second test?
offer a repeat test at 12 weeks
