Adaptive response Flashcards
describe features of APC
Strategic location (B and T cell interaction)
- Skin (SALT)
- Mucous membranes (GALT, NALT, BALT, GUALT)
- Lymphoid organs (Lymph nodes, spleen)
- Blood circulation (plasmacytoid and myeloid DCs)
What do they do?
• Pathogen capture
- Phagocytosis (whole microbe)
- Macropinocytosis (soluble particles)
• Diversity in pathogen sensors (PRRs)
- Extracellular pathogens (bacteria)
- Intracellular pathogens (viruses)
describe MHC molecules in relation to microbe presentation
.
Describe T cells and their role w/ infections
.
descibe B cell and antibody production w/ regards to infection
.
difference btw intracellular and extracellular microbes, give example of a microbe
intracellular divide in the cell (virus)
& vice versa
function of APC
Present Microbe to T cells
- theres an invader in the cell
- this is how it looks like
- & i want u to do this response
how do APC present pathogens to the T cells?
1) capture it (via phagocytosis and opsonisation)
2) process it
3) present it to T cell
what is the main strategic location (portal of entry, whereb and t cells interact) of the APC?
-MALT ( mucosal membrane associated tissues)
- TYPES» galt, nalt, balt
- located in the lamina propria.
-they r aggregates of lymphoid tissue that have b & T cells.
function of spleen
can generate b & T cell response
difference btw primary and secondary lymphoid organs
Primary> Lymphocytes r generated, produced & educated there
Secondary>b & T cells r settled down there and wait for antigen to come ( chilling zone)
in what ways can APC capture Microbes?
- phagocytosis (whole microbe)
- macropinocytosis ( if it was soluble)
give 4 different types of APC’s, their location, and what cep they present to
dentritic»lymph nodes, musocus membranes, blood»_space;Naïve T cells
langerhans»skin»Naïve T cells
macrophages»vary»Effector T cells
B cells (BCR)» lymph tissues»Effector T cells Naïve T cells
what r naive t cells?
T cells that have not encountered an antigen is called a NAIVE T CELL
what r effector T cells
those naive T cells that have been activated by APC.
how do APC process the antigen?
done by a set of proteins called MHC (also called HLA)
Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) is ALSO called Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)
ok
what r 2 types of responses the adaptive immunity makes?
humoral & cell mediated
Extracellular microbes>APC> HUMORAL
Intracellular microbes> APC> cell mediated immunity
what r key players in the humoral & cell mediated immunity?
HUMORAL
Antibodies
Complement
Phagocytosis
CELL MEDIATED
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes Antibodies
Macrophages
Name types of MHC complexes and differentiate btw them
MHC I
- A, B, C
- TCR & CD8
- Found on all nucleated cells
- only present antigens from INTRACELLULAR MICROBES
MHC 2 (2 letters)
- DP, DQ, DR
- TCR & CD4
- Found on dendritic cells, macrophages, B cells (the APC cells)
- EXTRACELLULAR MICROBES
which MHC complex is found on dendritic cells, macrophages, B cells?
MHC 2
MHC 1 & 2 bind only to PEPTIDE antigens
ok
which MHC complexes only present antigens from INTRACELLULAR MICROBES
MHC 1
we have DIVERSE MHC complexes, why?
due to
-co-dominence
mama and baba BOTH have the gene
-they r highly polymorphic
each gene has different kinds» INCREASED Diversity
Main functions of MHC 1 & 2
MHC Class I: present peptides from intracellular microbes
MHC Class II: present peptides from extracellular microbes

alaa know the structure of MHC class 1 & 2
ok
MHC class I recognized by ____T cells
MHC class II recognized by \_\_\_\_T cells 
MHC class I recognized by CD8+ T cells
MHC class II recognized by CD4+ T cells 
A 1st year medical student has contracted the flu virus during an immunology lecture. He has a terrible headache, fever and is coughing a lot.
1) The viral proteins on the airway epithelial cells are present by MHC molecules called HLA-DP, HLA-DQ, HLA-DR.
True or false?
2) His dendritic cells will also express the viral peptides
True or false?

1) F
2) T
virus r presented by MHC class____
1
how does streptokinase work?
dissolves clots through conversion of plasminogen to plasmin
functions of the antibodies?
notes
