Year 11 Case study: London Flashcards
Sustainable living includes:
Use of renewable resources
energy efficient
use of public transport
accessible resources and services
Disadvantages of cultural mix
hard to ensure new people can speak English, mix with other groups
Ghettos, hard to prevent poor people from living in poorer parts
Language barrier could be an extra cost
Advantages of Brownfield sites
Sites available since industry declined
reduces need for urban sprawl
public transport better in urban areas, no need for cars
new development can improve urban environment
What is an integrated transport system
Means all different forms of transport can link to one another. public and private
A sustainable city should:
offer good quality of life to residents
not reduce opportunities for future residents
grow at sustainable rate
use of resources in a sustainable way
Crossrail in London
Set to open 2018,reduce travel time and increase no of journeys by 10% (200 million journeys)
May Increase house prices if near crossrail-more desirable
What is multiculturalism
Refers to a country or place that has more than one culture living together in a close proximity
What is gentrification
Process of renovating/improving a house or district by higher income earners
What is cultural mix
Representation of a culture in an area e.g. bars and clubs
Key info about London
SE London on river Thames. original inhabitants Romans
site chosen due to physical landscape. River tidal so ships could make it up the river at high tide
One of the most important financial centers in the world
What is urban greening
Means to increase the amount and proportion of green spaces within a city
Transport systems in London
Developed ITS, underground, buses, light railway and cycle way
M25, Eurostar. 1 mill own bikes, only 2%of journeys use bikes
Not sensible to drive as congestion charge
Underground use set to increase by 60% by 2050 due to immigration
Population, life expectancy, employment and income
pop: 8.6 million 13% of total UK pop male life expectancy 79, 83 for women av. earnings £34,400, £22,000 nationally av. house costs £514,000, £272,000 nationally 7.5% unemployed UK 6.5%
Housing challenges in London
2007 house prices rose 13% inner London 10% outer
Decrease 15% 2009 due to recession
Outer steadily increasing and inner rapidly increasing to 130% due to rapid population inrease
Where are brownfield sites found
Usually found near city center where industry is
Housing challenges in London
2007 house prices rose 13% inner London 10% outer
Decrease 15% 2009 due to recession
Outer steadily increasing and inner rapidly increasing to 130% due to rapid population inrease
What is sustainability
About meeting the needs of current generations without compromising needs of future generations to meet their needs
Employment opportunities in London
Major world financial center so attracts skilled workforce
likely to be employed in managerial, professional and technical occupants compared to UK as a whole
manufacturing jobs declined as more machinery
Ethnicity in London
45% white British mainly east (Bexely) 12% southern Asian mainly east 13% Black, widely spread, mainly north and east Arabic mainly central 37% of pop from outside the Uk
Disadvantages of Greenfield sites
Need for cars as public transport poor Increases urban sprawl once land been built on, not gonna be turned back into countryside Valuable farm/recreation land lost natural habitats destroyed
What is London an international trade center for?
Media and communication
education
legal and medical facilities
culture, entertainments and tourism
London migration and age
most immigrants young, most leaving older
High 20-19 pop as looking for jobs
High 40-49 hippy times summer of love
few 5-9 due to recession
Disadvantages of Brownfield sites
Old buildings need to be demolished first
ground need to be decontaminated
land expensive in urban areas
Advantages of Greenfield sites
Land cheaper in rural areas
no demolition or decontamination needed
Examples of urban greening in London
Canals, rivers and jetties used to breed birds, roof-top green spaces, offering range of green spaces to public
out of London land, 38% open green space, 24% domestic gardens 1% footpath and railways
Where are Greenfield sites found
In rural-urban fringe on outskirts of a city
Advantages of cultural mix
Enriches huge areas of London’s cultural life
exposes people to other cultures and highlights the liberal and tolerant people in London
