Year 10 Tropical Storms And Climate Change Flashcards

Question

What's a storm surge

Answer 1

Body of water beneath storm being raised up as moist air being sucked into the clouds

Answer 2

Due to the coriolis effect

Answer 3

Seas surface temps have increased by 0.25-0.5* meaning hurricanes forming further north and south of equator, increasing distribution

Answer 4

Some models suggest less frequent but more intense but some just suggest more frequent

Answer 5

As seas surface temp increases so does intensity of hurricanes

Answer 6

Because they didn't have the equipment or technology to measure tropical storms

Answer 7

Damage and destruction as a direct result of hurricanes

Answer 8

Damage and destruction that happens as a result of primary impacts (disease,contaminated water)

Answer 9

8 November 2013 in the Philippines. Originated second November in low low-pressure area several hundred km south south-east Category five on saffir Simpson scale, wind speed 315km/hr Waves as high as 15m

Answer 10

Tacloban airport badly damaged, 3000 fishing boats destroyed Buildings damaged and crops destroyed 40,000 houses damaged Over 400 m of rain lots of flooding. Lots of coastline devastated

Answer 11

Around 6300 people killed, over 600,000 people displaced and 40,000 homes damaged or flattened

Answer 12

14 million people affected, many homeless, 6 million lost income Landslides blocked roads – no access remote areas Outbreaks of disease Looting and violence in Tacloban

Answer 13

International aid agencies responded quickly with food and shelter 1200 shelters set up, UK sent shelter kits, French, Belgian and Israeli Hospital set up Philippines Red Cross delivered foods US aircraft assisted with search and rescue

Answer 14

UK, Australia and Japan donated financial aid Rebuilding of road, bridges and airport facilities Rice farming and fishing was quickly re-established Thousands of homes built away from flood prone areas

Answer 15

Windows, doors and roofs strengthened to withstand strong wins Storm drains put in urban areas to prevent flooding Sea walls built protecting important buildings from storm surge Coastal homes built on stilts so storm surge passes beneath

Answer 16

Advises people that hurricane conditions are likely

Answer 17

Advises that people should begin to take shelter and move to higher ground

Answer 18

``` Shutters Stilts Building on high ground No dangerous vegetation around house Built out of strong materials ```

Answer 19

There is a National hurricane awareness week which educates people about potential damage and dangers ahead

Answer 20

State of atmosphere at the given time and place with respect to variables such as temperature, moisture, when velocity and barometric pressure

Answer 21

Average weather in the region over a long period of time

Answer 22

Events that are different from expected climate. Extremes can be very little of something or too much of something. Extreme weather depends on context of what is normal

Answer 23

17th to 20th of November 2009 in Cumbria. Already been months of rain so soil was saturated so lots of surface run-off that last 36 hours and fowed to Cockermouth By the 20th river Derwent it was 10 m wider than normal and river Cockers flow was greater than the past 30 years

Answer 24

River water contaminated with sewage – health risks 1500 homes flooded and caused £100 million of damage Debris transported by revert destroyed six important regional bridges

Answer 25

Police officer Bill Parker killed by collapsed bridge in Workington, many people were injured

Answer 26

Many businesses closed and didn't reopen for a long time

Answer 27

River Derwent banks eroded, causing landslide | River tore loose, carrying away hundreds of trees, damaging ecosystems

Answer 28

Civil defence and emergency services rescue people using boats and helicopters

Answer 29

Structural engineer's went to every bridge making sure it was secure either strengthened or demolished Government pledged £1 million to help the town Business has improved shopfronts and rebuilt town centre

Answer 30

£4.5 million spent on flood defences Mobile wall built so that it doesn't affect of you Environment agency provided people with improved flood warning info During winter railway companies tweet info and pictures of fallen trees so people avoid that route to work

Answer 31

Flood defence half a metre higher reinforced concrete walls bridge replaced in 2010 as old one collapsed Glass panels on wall, protect view Floodgates added 120 m of high wall with automatic barrier

Answer 32

Actions taken by government to increase of population resilience to a hazard

Answer 33

Actions people take to increase their resilience to a hazard

Answer 34

Highest UK recorded temperature 38°C in Kent | More than 2000 people died

Answer 35

Several people died and many left homeless by summer floods in Hull, Sheffield and Gloucestershire

Answer 36

Severe flooding in south west and north east England with Somerset, Worcestershire and Northumberland badly hit

Answer 37

Southeast and Southwest England badly affected by heavy snow. 20 cm fell in London

Answer 38

Cockermouth in Cumbria was hit by floods record rainfall in the lake district

Answer 39

Much of the UK hit by heavy snow in December | Northern Ireland record low temperature of -18.7°C at Castlederg

Answer 40

Severe floods in south England causing Thames to burst banks and Somerset inundated water wettest winter in 250 years

Answer 41

Bad storms and high rainfall in north England. December 2015 wettest warmest ever recorded in the UK

Answer 42

Fast band of high winds in the atmosphere between the Ferrel and Polar cells

Answer 43

Bigger ring, better growth | Problem – very few trees exist older than 4000 years before present

Answer 44

Layers of ice built up over thousands of years. Removed using ice cores Thicker the layer of ice the more snow fall that year. shows oxygen and methane levels records go back 800,000 years

Answer 45

Deeper the sediment, older it is | Sediment can be drilled out showing remains of organisms and plankton revealing sea temp

Answer 46

Output of sun increased from 1900-1940 recorded by satellites using radio meters. Output of sun barely changed in last 50 years so can't cause climate change since the 70s

Answer 47

Orbit changes shape every 100,000 years changing distance between earth and sun. Earths axis is tilted when increases climate exaggerates Tilt moves every 4000 years

Answer 48

Temporarily cause climate change e.g mount pinatubo causing global drop in temp by 0.5* due to SO2 released which causes volcanic aerosol to reflect sunlight away from earth

Answer 49

Count for over 50% global greenhouse gas emissions | As population grows increase demand for energy which increases fossil fuel use

Answer 50

Contributes 20% global greenhouse gases Large amounts of methane produced as cows produce it in digestion As population grows, increased demand for meat

Answer 51

Actions to adjust to natural events e.g climate change to reduce potential damage, limit impacts and take advantage of opportunities or cope with consequences

Answer 52

Reduce or eliminate long term risk to human life and property from natural hazards such as building earthquake proof buildings

Answer 53

Reduces CO2 output, uses renewable energy sources Method becoming cheaper and more competitive Very expensive For solar there isn't always sun

Answer 54

Replicates way earth stores CO2 pumps CO2 into ground to store it Can be used in existing power plants (don't need new ones) Could provide 10-55% of worlds carbon mitigation until 2100 can remove CO2 from atmosphere Very expensive no long term results

Answer 55

Planting trees to use up CO2 in photosynthesis Could increase forest carbon storage 28% Trees take a long time to grow

Answer 56

Reduce global emissions by setting up agreements Some countries more responsible for climate change than others Hard to convince some countries to take part