Y2 Alcohol and smoking in pregnancy Flashcards
How many units does the average scottish woman drink/week?
8.6 units
How many units/ week are considered high risk?
14 units (2:10 women)
How many women in the uk continue drinking during pregnancy?
4:10
Brittain is 4th in the world when it comes to women keeping drinking during pregnancy, True or false?
True
Globally, how many babies are born with FAS?
1:63
For every baby born with FAS, how many will be born with undiagnosed symptoms?
9-10 babies
Which are the top three causes of premature death and disability globally?
Smoking, Obesity, alcohol.
Why does alcohol affect women more than men?
Women have 10 % more body fat leading to higher promille per bloodvolume and lower alcohol dehydrogenase, an enzyme that breaks down alcohol. Women will therefor develop problems sooner and are likely to die younger,
Alcohol abuse can lead to?
Weaker immune system Risk of DVT Breast cancer Decreased milk production Menstrual disorders Infertility CNS suppression Poor mental health Hypertension Strokes and heart attacks Folic acid deficiency Malnutrition Dehydration Liver disease, pancreatitis and cancer.
How will alcohol abuse affect breast feeding?
It inhibits oxytocin production and therefor the milk ejection reflex. It can also lead to lower milk production
How will alcohol consumption affect baby depending on which trimester it was consumed in?
1st trim: Birth defects
2nd trim: SGA
3rd trim: Developmental problems
FASD- fetal alcohol spectrum disorders include?
- Fetal alcohol syndrom FAS
- Alcohol related neurodevelopmental disorders ARND
- Alcohol-related birth defects (ARBD)
- Fetal alcohol effects FAE
- partial FAS, pFAS
Which women are more likely to smoke?
Women living in deprived areas
Younger mothers
Women living in Tayside or Ayrshire and Arran
What limits data around alcohol and drinking in pregnancy?
Most data is collected at booking only, and it’s mostly self reported, leaving a large of uncertainty due to fear of stigma.
Of what are women that smoke more at risk of?
DVTs Decreased milk production (inhibits prolactin) Infertility BM lipids changed-> colicky baby Miscarriage/ectopic Hypertension Stroke/heart attacks Lung cancer/COPD Preeclampsia Placental abruption Placenta previa COPD
Of what are babies of mothers who smokes more at risk of?
Low birth weight Growth restrictions Cleft lip/palate Stillbirth SIDS Future cardiovascular disease CO poisoning in utero
What can passive smoking cause for the child ones born?
Asthma Ear infections Pneumonia Attention problems Hyper activity
CO poisoning
Always higher in the baby than the mum. Baby has more haemoglobin in thier blood, meaning they retain more CO and poor oxygenation. This is reversed when mum stops smoking. Screening by CO monitor. Less than 4ppm, no problem.
More than 4ppm, arrange additional care.
Care for women who smoke in pregnancy.
Screening- serial CO measurments, Serial growth scans, ??Intrapartum CTG, DVT profylaxis.
Referrals- Obstetric referral, cessation services, ?social services.
Feeding advice- minimise smoking, Breast feed!, No co-sleeping, SIDS prevention
