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Midwifery y1 Anatomy and Physiology > Y1 final formative > Flashcards

Y1 final formative Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following statement is correct when comparing the female pelvis with the male pelvis:

a. the angle of the female pubic arch is smaller
b. the distance between the female ischial spine is greater
c. the distance between the female ischial tuberosities is less
d. the female pelvis as a whole is deeper, and the bones areheavier and thicker

A

b.the distance between the female ischial spine is greater

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2
Q 
The pituitary gland works in association with the
Select one:
a.hypothalamus
b.thalamus
c.pineal gland
d.medulla oblongata
A

a.hypothalamus

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3
Q

Which of the following isnota response to the autonomic nervous system?

a. Heart Rate
b. Body temperature
c. Respiratory rate
d. Bile production

A

d.Bile production

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4
Q

A maternal heart rate of over 100 beats per minute is called

a. bradycardia
b. tachycardia
c. systole
d. diastole

A

b.tachycardia

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5
Q

The umbilical artery in the umbilical cord carries
Select one:
a.metabolic wastes and carbon dioxide from the fetus to the placenta
b.metabolic wastes and carbon dioxide from the placenta to the fetus
c.oxygen and nutrients from the fetus to the placenta
d.oxygen and nutrients from the placenta to the fetus

A

a.metabolic wastes and carbon dioxide from the fetus to the placenta

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6
Q

The epithelium layer lining the bladder wall is able to distend because

a. it is composed of muscle fibres
b. it is composed of nerve fibres
c. it is near the neck of the bladder
d. it is composed of rugae or folds

A

d.it is composed of rugae or folds

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7
Q 
The clusters of specific glands that produce milk when a woman islactating are called
Select one:
a.lactiferous ducts
b.mammary glands
c.alveolar glands
d.lactating glands
A

c.alveolar glands

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8
Q

The lambdoid suture in the fetal skull:
Select one:
a.connects the anterior and posterior fontanelles
b.unites the frontal bones
c.is diamond shaped
d.connects occipital and parietal bones

A

d.connects occipital and parietal bones

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9
Q

Which of the following is true about oxytocin?
Select one:
a.It is stored in the anterior pituitary gland
b.It is stored in the posterior pituitary gland
c.It is stored in the hypothalamus gland
d.It is stored in the adrenal gland

A

b.It is stored in the posterior pituitary gland

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10
Q 
The structures of renal vein, renal artery, lymphatic and nerves enter and leave the kidney at the
Select one:
a.Medulla
b.Cortex
c.Capsule
d.Hilum
A

d.Hilum

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11
Q 
Where in respiratory system C-shaped cartilages could be found?
Select one:
a.Trachea
b.Larynx
c.Pharynx
d.Alveoli
A

a.Trachea

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12
Q

The hormone progesterone greatly increases during pregnancy. One of its functions is to reduce immune activity in the mother. Why is this important?
Select one:
a.to allow her to develop infections and produce antibodies for the fetus
b.to reduce the risk of developing an autoimmune disease
c.to free up energy reserves for other functions
d.to reduce the tendency of her body to reject the fetus

A

to reduce the tendency of her body to reject the fetus

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13
Q 
The corpus luteum is a special glandular structure of the ovaries that primarily produces:
Select one:
a.oestrogen
b.progesterone
c.follicle stimulating hormone
d.luteinizing hormone
A

b.progesterone

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14
Q

Veins…
Select one:
a.carry blood away from the heart
b.branch into smaller vessels called arterioles
c.transport oxygen-rich blood
d.often have valves to prevent the backflow of blood

A

d.often have valves to prevent the backflow of blood

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15
Q 
In which one of the following blood vessels is blood pressure the highest:
Select one:
a.veins
b.capillaries
c.vena cava
d.arteries
A

d.arteries

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16
Q

The latent phase of the first stage of labour is described when
Select one:
a.Contractions are 4 in every 10 minutes
b.Cervical dilation is 0-4cm
c.Cervical dilation is 9cm
d.It lasts for 2 hours maximum

A

b.Cervical dilation is 0-4cm

17
Q

What is the physiological importance of resting tone between contractions?
Select one:
a.Defines uncoordinated uterine activity
b.Gives the mother a rest
c.Allows perfusion of the placenta
d.Reduces oxygen levels to the fetus

A

c.Allows perfusion of the placenta

18
Q 
In a well flexed head the presenting diameter is
Select one:
a.Sub-occipito frontal
b.frontal
c.Sub-occipito bregmatic
d.Mentovertical
A

c.Sub-occipito bregmatic

19
Q 
The normal range of a fetal heart is
Select one:
a.100-150bpm
b.90-130bpm
c.140-170bpm
d.110-160bpm
A

d.110-160bpm

20
Q 
The postnatal period lasts for approximately how long?
Select one:
a.3 days
b.3 weeks
c.10 days
d.6 weeks
A

d.6 weeks

21
Q 
Which term is NOT used in the description of lochia?
Select one:
a.Blanca
b.Serosa
c.Alba
d.Rubla
A

a.Blanca

22
Q 
At 36+ weeks gestation, the fundus of the uterus can be palpated at the level of the
Select one:
a.Xyphisterum
b.Symphysis pubis
c.Pelvic brim
d.Umbilicus
A

a.Xyphisterum

23
Q 
Which one of the following substances is normally found in urine
Select one:
a.proteins
b.red blood cells
c.creatinine
d.white blood cells
A

c.creatinine

24
Q 
Which of the following foods is recommended as safe to eat during pregnancy?
Select one:
a.Brie cheese
b.tuna fish
c.alcohol
d.green leaf vegetables
A

d.green leaf vegetables

25
Q

Which of the following statements isincorrect?
Select one:
a.All muscle types need nerve supply to contract
b.Skeletal muscle is also referred to as voluntary muscle
c.Skeletal muscle is attached to bone
d.Skeletal muscle needs a nerve supply to contract

A

a.All muscle types need nerve supply to contract

26
Q 
Which of the following pairs of hormones is mainly responsible for influencing the uterus in pregnancy?
Select one:
a.Oxytocin and progesterone
b.Oestrogen and progesterone
c.Oestrogen and oxytocin
d.Relaxin and oxytocin
A

b.Oestrogen and progesterone

27
Q 
The corpus luteum can be found in
Select one:
a.endometrium
b.placenta
c.ovary
d.uterus
A

c.ovary

28
Q 
Skin pigmentation may alter in pregnancy because of the hormone
Select one:
a.Melanin
b.Melamine
c.Pigmentosa
d.Progesterone
A

a.Melanin

29
Q

Colostrum – Which is the correct statement?
Select one:
a.Is high in density and low in volume
b.Is low in density and high in volume
c.Contains less protein than mature milk
d.Contains more fat and water soluble vitamins that mature milk

A

a.Is high in density and low in volume

30
Q 
The approximate number of cotyledons in the placenta is
Select one:
a.2-5
b.5-10
c.15-20
d.25-30
A

c.15-20

31
Q 
If a pregnant woman had her last period from 21stto the 25thof September 2020, which of the following is her ‘expected date of delivery’:
Select one:
a.1st June 2021
b.21st June 2021
c.28th June 2021
d.6th July 2021
A

c.28th June 2021

32
Q

Identifyandbriefly describe the six individual dimensions of health as noted by authors such as Naidoo and Wills (2016)

A

Physicalhealth: This dimension refers to the functioning of the body, e.g. not being ill, presence of chronic disease, levels of mobility, presence of physical disability, or levels of fitness.
Mentalhealth: Mental health has been described by Ewles and Simnett (2003) as ‘the ability to think clearly and coherently’. These authors note that the dimensions of mental health and emotional health are often closely associated. For example, issues such as an individual’s sense of purpose and self-worth may be considered to embrace both mental and emotional dimensions.
Emotionalhealth: This is the ability to identify our emotions and express them appropriately. Examples of emotions include happiness, sadness, contentment, joy and grief. Emotional health can also include our ability to cope with anxiety and the stresses of life, to feel good about ourselves, and to develop and sustain positive relationships (e.g. friendship and love).
Sexualhealth: Sexual health has been described as, ‘the acceptance and ability to achieve a satisfactory expression of one’s sexuality’ (Naidoo and Wills 2009 p.4). The Scottish Executive (2005) have defined sexual health as follows, ‘Sexual health is not just the absence of disease but includes an intricate range of ethical, moral, cultural and social issues’.
Socialhealth: This takes the form of support from social networks such as friends and family. Examples include having people to talk to and engage with.
Spiritualhealth: This may, or may not, take the form of religious beliefs, customs or practices. It can also centre upon personal beliefs, principles governing one’s behaviour or feeling at peace with oneself (Ewles and Simnett 2003).

33
Q

Name the two out of the four pelvic variants

A
  1. Gynaecoid pelvis
  2. Android pelvis
  3. Anthropoid
  4. Platypelloid
34
Q

Carbon dioxide diffuses from the body cells into the blood stream because

A

pressure of CO2 is lower in the capillary than in the tissue

35
Q

Tissue levels of oxygen are lower than blood levels because…

A

carbon dioxide is continually being produced in the tissue

36
Q

Oxygen diffuses out of the capillary because…

A

pressure of oxygen is lower in the tissue than in the bloodstream

37
Q

The arterial end of capillary is higher in oxygen than the venous end because…

A

as the blood flows through the tissues it releases oxygen into the cells

Midwifery y1 Anatomy and Physiology (24 decks)

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