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Nursing, LPN, Year 1 > x A&P - Ch 1, organization of the human body > Flashcards

x A&P - Ch 1, organization of the human body Flashcards

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1
Q

Levels of Organization

A

CHEMICALS:
CELLS: chemicals form living cells, mitochondria, neuron, cuboidal epithelium
TISSUE: specialized group of cells form
ORGANS: tissue function together to form
SYSTEMS: Organs working together
ORGANISM:

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2
Q

Body Systems

A

*Protection, Support, Movement
INTEGUMENTARY: skin associated structures, skin, hair, nails, sweat and oil glands
SKELETAL: basic framework, 206 bones and joints
MUSCULAR: attached to bones to provide movement of skeleton. give structure, protect organs, maintain posture.

*Coordination and Control
NERVOUS
ENDOCRINE: controls us w hormones

*Circulation and Immunity
CARDIOVASCULAR: heart and blood vessels
LYMPHATIC

*Energy supply and fluid balance
RESPIRATORY
DIGESTIVE (oxygen needed to burn food)
URINARY

*Production of Offspring
REPRODUCTIVE

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3
Q

Muscle Types

A

Smooth - in walls of body organs

Cardiac - make up wall of heart

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4
Q

Anatomy

A

Study of the body structure

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5
Q

Physiology

A

study of body function

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6
Q

Pathology

A

study of disease

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6
Q

Adrenaline (synonym)

A

Epinephrine

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7
Q

Superior (pic)

A

Head

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7
Q

2 types of metabolism

A

Catabolism: breaks down substances (glucose to ATP, C6H12O6)

Anabolism: builds up substances (anabolic steroids)

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8
Q

Proximal (pic)

A

close to joint/point of origin

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8
Q

Homeostasis

A

Body regulating itself to a state of balance

NEGATIVE FEEDBACK: temp^ sweat|, blood sugar| glucogen^

POSITIVE FEEDBACK: body creates more of the same reaction. During childbirth body produces oxytocin to encourage contractions

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9
Q

Distal (pic)

A

farthest away from point of origin

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9
Q

Superior vs Inferior

A

Up vs Down

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10
Q

Anterior (Ventral) (pic)

A

front

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10
Q

Anterior vs Posterior

A

Ventral vs Dorsal

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11
Q

Posterior (Dorsal) (pic)

A

back

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11
Q

Medial vs Lateral

A

Towards middle vs outer side of body

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12
Q

Medial (pic)

A

towards center of body

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12
Q

Proximal vs Distal

A

Closer to origin vs further from origin, joint

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13
Q

Lateral (pic)

A

towards outside of body

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13
Q

Body Cavities

A

DORSAL: cranial, spinal
VENTRAL: thoracic, abdomenopelvic
THORACIC: periacardial, pleural, mediastinum

See pic

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14
Q

Inferior (pic)

A

Feet

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14
Q

Divisions of Abdomen - 9 regions

A 
Epigastric
Umbilical
Hypo gastric
Hypochondriac (L , R)
Lumbar (L, R)
Iliac or Inguinal (L, R)

See pic

15
Q

Abdominopelvic Quadrants (pic)

A

RUQ - Right Upper Quadrant
LUQ - Left Upper Quadrant
RLQ - Right Lower Quadrant
LLQ - Left Lower Quadrant

15
Q

Quadrants of Abdomen

A

Right Upper
Left Upper
Right Lower
Left Lower

16
Q

Abdominopelvic Regions (pic)

A

Epigrastric Region
Umbilical Region
Hypogastric Region

Left and Right Hypochondriac Region
Left and Right Lumbar Region
Left and Right Iliac Region

16
Q

Auscultation

A

To listen

17
Q

Body Cavities (pic)

A

Dorsal
Ventral
Abdominopelvic
Thoracic

17
Q

Palpation

A

Touching

18
Q

Dorsal Cavity (pic)

A

Cranial Cavity

Spinal Cavity

18
Q

Body Regions

A

See pics: anterior and posterior

19
Q

Ventral Cavity (pic)

A

Thoracic Cavity

Abdominopelvic Cavity

20
Q

Abdominopeclvic Cavity (pic)

A

Abdominal Cavity

Pelvic Cavity

21
Q

Thoracic Cavity (pic)

A

Mediastinum
Pleural Cavity
Pericardial Cavity

22
Q

Inner Elbow (pic)

A

Antecubital

23
Q

Cephalic (pic)

A

Head

24
Q

Bracial (pic)

A

Arm

25
Q

Forearm (pic)

A

Antebrachial

26
Q

Femoral (pic)

A

Femor, Quad, Thigh

27
Q

Occipital (pic)

A

Base of Skull

28
Q

Acromial (pic)

A

Shoulder

29
Q

Cervical (pic)

A

Neck

30
Q

Plantar (pic)

A

Sole of feet

31
Q

Catabolism

A

break down

32
Q

Anabolism

A

Build up (anabolic steroids)

33
Q

Homeostasis

A

Body bringing back an state of normalcy
Negative Feedback
Positive Feedback

34
Q

Negative Feedback

A

Temp up, body sweats to lower temp

35
Q

Positive Feedback

A

during labor, body releases oxytocin to encourage labor

36
Q

Stomach Lining

A

Epithelium

37
Q

Metabolic Reactions

A

Anabolism (build up) require ATP

Catabolism (break down) form ATP

38
Q

Extracellular Fluid

A

Blood Plasma
Lymph
Fluid between cells

39
Q

Intracellular Fluid

A

Fluid within cells, Cytoplasm

40
Q

Auscultation

A

to listen

41
Q

Palpation

A

to touch

42
Q

Axilla Region (pic)

A

Armpits

56
Q

Popliteus Region (pic)

A

Back of knee

57
Q

Mediastinum

A

area between lungs (heart, veins and arteries, trachea, esophagus, bronchi, lymph nodes)

Nursing, LPN, Year 1 (44 decks)

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