WWII Flashcards
Lend Lease Act
What: Allowed US government to lend or lease war supplies to any nation vital to US defense
Why: allowed US to help allied nations like UK and Soviet Union. Gave FDR unlimited authority to direct material aid to allies
When: (Passed 1941)
Double V Campaign
What: launched by African American newspaper. “Victory Abroad and Victory at Home”. African Americans fight against fascism overseas and for equality in US
Why: African Americans made sacrifices for the military and demand social progress.
When: (launched 1942)
Executive Order 8802
What: Created Fair Employment Practices Committee. prohibit ethnic or racial discrimination especially in defense industry
Why: appeased civil rights leaders, African Americans get more job opportunities and less discrimination
When: (issued 1941)
Nye Commission Report
What: documented huge profits that arms factories made during WWI. found that bankers had pressured Wilson to intervene in the war in order to protect their loans abroad
Why: More control over war profits in WWII
When: (1934-1936)
Smith Connally Labor Act
What: allowed federal government to seize and operate industries threatened by or under strikes that would interfere with war production. prohibited unions from making contributions in federal elections. aka “anti-strike act”. aka “War Labor Disputes Act
Why: gave government more power over industry. gave workers less power.
When: (1943)
Executive Order 9066
What: authorized military commanders to excuse civilians from “military areas”
Why: allowed exclusion, capture, and sending to camps of Japanese Americans
When: (1942)
Atlantic Charter
What: statement by FDR and Winston Churchill which set out American and British goals for the world after end of WWII
Why: war hadn’t ended yet, but already planning for afterwards
When: (1941)
War Powers Act
What: granted FDR extensive powers to support the war effort and provide for nation’s defense
Why: increased federal and FDR’s power
When: (1942)
Zoot Suits
What: suits made with excessive fabric worn by Mexicans and Mexican American youth. banned during war for waste of fabric. Zoot Suit Riots were a series of riots that took place in LA when American servicemen and whites attacked any Mexicans wearing zoot suits
Why: racial attacks on Mexicans
When: (1943)
Revenue Act of 1942
What: introduced the Victory Tax. increased individual income tax rates and made 75% of workers pay income taxes
Why: helped pay for war, doubled number of people who had to pay income tax
When: (1942)
Popular Front
What: anti-fascist groups
Why: fight against fascism
When: (1930s-40s)
America First Committee
What: isolationist pressure group against American entry into WWII. led by Charles Lindbergh.
Why: influential, opposed aid to allies and entry to war
When: (1940-41)
Committee to Defend America by Aiding its Allies
What: advocacy organization to persuade public that US should supply Allies with as much material and money as possible to keep US out of war
Why: pro-British, influential, help Allies as much as possible without sending soldiers
When: (1940-1942)
Cash and Carry Provision
What: part of Neutrality Acts, allowed sale of arms to warring nations as long as they were paid at once in cash then shipped on the warring nation’s ships
Why: allowed US to sell arms to Allies. protected US ships and sailors. did not allow loans of arms to warring nations
When: (1937)
Servicemen’s Readjustment Act
What: provided WWII veterans with funds for college education, unemployment insurance, and housing
Why: helped WWII veterans, established hospitals, made low-interest mortgages available
When: (1944)
