Period 5: 1844-1877 Flashcards by ANNA DAVID

Trist Mission

1848
Trists negotiates Treaty of Guadelupe Hidalgo
get territory of Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming

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Gold Rush

1848
Gold discovered at Sutter’s Mill in California

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Women’s Rights Convention at Seneca Falls

1848
Seneca Falls, NY
headed by Mott and Stanton

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Election of 1848

Taylor (Whig) defeats Cass (Dem + father of pop. sovereignty) and Van Buren (Free-Soil + abolitionists)
Taylor dies 1850 –> Milard Fillmore VP becomes president

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Compromise of 1850

1850
Henry Clay
passes as separate acts during Fillmore
California free state
Other areas - popular sovereignty
US takes Texas debts
slave trade banned in Washington
Fugitive Slave Law strengthened

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Clayton-Bulwer Treaty

1850
US and Britain agree to neutrality of a canal in Central America

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Commodore Matthew Perry opens Japan to US trade

1852

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Election of 1852

Pierce (Dem) defeats Scott (Whig)

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Gadsden Purchase

1853
buy land from Mexico to build railroad

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Uncle Tom’s Cabin

1853
Stowe

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Kansas-Nebraska Act

1854
passed to create two states for a RR to go to west
slavery in states determined by popular sovereignty
North fears overturn of Missouri Compromise

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New England Emigrant Aid Society

1854
into Kansas / Nebraska territory

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Bleeding Kansas

1854-59
Topeka (free soilers) government vs. LeCompton (slavery) government

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Ostend Manifesto

1854
by Buchanan to take Cuba
rejected

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Walker expedition

1854
Walker raises army, takes Nicaragua, Pierce recognizes new government

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Lawrence Mob Violency

1856
abolitionist materials burned

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Pottawatomie Massacre

1856
John Brown kills 4 pro-slavery people

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Election of 1856

Buchanan (Dem) defeats Fremont (Rep-Free Soil) and Fillmore (Know Nothings)

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Dred Scott v Sandford

1857
slaves are property to be taken anywhere - allows for slavery in the North
Missouri Compromise unconstitutional

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LeCompton Constitution rejected

1857

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Panic of 1857

1857
depression
Buchanan does nothing

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Lincoln-Douglas Debates

1858
on extension of slavery into new territories

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Free Port Doctrine

1858
Dred Scott decision has to be enforced
if not popular sovereignty rules

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“A House Divided” against itself cannot stand

1858
Lincoln’’s speech

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John Brown's Raid

1859 Harper's Ferry to free slaves

Crittenden Compromise

1860 last attempt at amendment against barring slavery below 36'30 lines fails

Election of 1860

Lincoln (Rep) defeats Douglas (Dem) Lincoln free soiler, not abolitionist

Civil War

1860-1865 South Carolina secedes 1860

"Gilded Age"

begins 1860 Beginning of Industrial Revolution

Fort Sumter

1861 Beauregard (S) fires first shot

"Necessity knows no law"

1861 Lincoln increases army, navy, 1st income tax, green backs, no freedom of press speech, Vallandigham (Copperhead - Peace Dem) jailed

Confederacy

established 1861 David = president Stephens = VP no protective tariffs states could impeach federal officers slavery protected no federal funded improvements States supreme 2/3 of house to appropriate money

Kansas admitted

1861 free state

Ex Parte Marryman

1861 Lincoln suspends habeas corpus and passes martial law in Maryland Taney says only Congress can suspend habeas corpus

Bull Run

1861 South wins Civil War becomes long

Pacific railroad Act

1862 partially federally funded gave land for RR

Homestead Act

1862 gov. land grants for agricultural college

Battle of Antietam

1863

Banking Acts

1863, 1864 establish federally charted banks

Draft Riot

1863 NY

The Emancipation Proclamation

1863

Battle of Gettysberg

1863 turning point

10 Percent Plan

1863 Lincoln announce lenient plan must plan allegiance to US

Election of 1864

Lincoln (Rep) defeats McClellan (Dem)

Wade-Davis Bill

1864 South divided into military units until majority pledges allegiance and bans slavery

Wade - Davis Manifesto

1864 Congress controls Reconstruction

Pullman Car and Refrigerated Car invented

1864

Sand Creek Massacre

1864 Chivington attacks defenseless Indian village

Civil War ends

1865 Lee surrenders to Grant at Appomattox, VA

Freedman's Bureau established

1865 education and food

Lincoln assassinated

1865 Andrew Johnson becomes president

Johnson's amnesty

1865 pardons almost all Confederates

Thirteenth Amendment

1865 abolishes slavery

Ex Parte Milligan

1866 Military courts can't try civilians when civil courts are open

Civil Rights Act is passed over Johnson's veto

1866 gave blacks equal rights

National Labor Union

formed 1866 - short lived attempted political involvement (women's rights, temperance, 8hr day, cooperatives)

Fetterman Massacre

1866 troops killed

Alaska Purchased

1867

The Grange

1867 founded Kelly for social and educational reform for the farmer farmers face deflation, debt, drought, depression

Reconstruction Acts

1867 divide South into 5 military units protect black voting est. new constitutions

Tenure of Office Act

1868 President can't remove any appointed official without Senate consent

14th Amendment

1868 all persons born / naturalized within US are citizens - equal protection

KKK

begins 1868

Washita River

1868 Custer destroys Cheyenne village

Carnegie Steel Company

formed 1868

Election of 1868

Grant (rep) defeats Seymore (Dem)

Transcontinental RR completed

1868 Union Pacific and Central Pacific

Knights of Labor

formed 1869 secret

Fifteenth Amendment

ratified 1870 right to vote can't be determined by race, color, etc.

Force Acts

1870 to protect constitutional rights guaranteed to blacks by the 14th and 15th amendments

Standard Oil Company

formed 1870

Credit Mobilier Scandal

1872 stock holders of RR construction company overcharge gov. for job

Election of 1872

Grant reelected

Slaughterhouse cases

1873 14th Amendment doesn't place fed gov't under obligation to protect basic rights concerning monopolies

Red River Wars

1874 last attempt to resist reservations

Farmers Alliance

formed 1874 anti-RR pools, rebates, pass Granger laws

Civil Rights Act

1875 gave blacks equal rights

Pearl Harbor acquired

1875

Battle of Little Bighorn

1876 Custer killed

US vs Reese

1876 allows voting qualifications - literacy test, poll tax, grandfather clause

telephone

invented 1876 Alexander Graham Bell

Election of 1876

Hayes (Rep) defeats Tilden (Dem)