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APUSH > Period 5: 1844-1877 > Flashcards

Period 5: 1844-1877 Flashcards

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AP® U.S. History flashcards
1
Q

Trist Mission

A

1848
Trists negotiates Treaty of Guadelupe Hidalgo
get territory of Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming

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2
Q

Gold Rush

A

1848
Gold discovered at Sutter’s Mill in California

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3
Q

Women’s Rights Convention at Seneca Falls

A

1848
Seneca Falls, NY
headed by Mott and Stanton

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4
Q

Election of 1848

A

Taylor (Whig) defeats Cass (Dem + father of pop. sovereignty) and Van Buren (Free-Soil + abolitionists)
Taylor dies 1850 –> Milard Fillmore VP becomes president

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5
Q

Compromise of 1850

A

1850
Henry Clay
passes as separate acts during Fillmore
California free state
Other areas - popular sovereignty
US takes Texas debts
slave trade banned in Washington
Fugitive Slave Law strengthened

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6
Q

Clayton-Bulwer Treaty

A

1850
US and Britain agree to neutrality of a canal in Central America

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7
Q

Commodore Matthew Perry opens Japan to US trade

A

1852

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8
Q

Election of 1852

A

Pierce (Dem) defeats Scott (Whig)

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9
Q

Gadsden Purchase

A

1853
buy land from Mexico to build railroad

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10
Q

Uncle Tom’s Cabin

A

1853
Stowe

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11
Q

Kansas-Nebraska Act

A

1854
passed to create two states for a RR to go to west
slavery in states determined by popular sovereignty
North fears overturn of Missouri Compromise

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12
Q

New England Emigrant Aid Society

A

1854
into Kansas / Nebraska territory

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13
Q

Bleeding Kansas

A

1854-59
Topeka (free soilers) government vs. LeCompton (slavery) government

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14
Q

Ostend Manifesto

A

1854
by Buchanan to take Cuba
rejected

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15
Q

Walker expedition

A

1854
Walker raises army, takes Nicaragua, Pierce recognizes new government

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16
Q

Lawrence Mob Violency

A

1856
abolitionist materials burned

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17
Q

Pottawatomie Massacre

A

1856
John Brown kills 4 pro-slavery people

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18
Q

Election of 1856

A

Buchanan (Dem) defeats Fremont (Rep-Free Soil) and Fillmore (Know Nothings)

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19
Q

Dred Scott v Sandford

A

1857
slaves are property to be taken anywhere - allows for slavery in the North
Missouri Compromise unconstitutional

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20
Q

LeCompton Constitution rejected

A

1857

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21
Q

Panic of 1857

A

1857
depression
Buchanan does nothing

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22
Q

Lincoln-Douglas Debates

A

1858
on extension of slavery into new territories

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23
Q

Free Port Doctrine

A

1858
Dred Scott decision has to be enforced
if not popular sovereignty rules

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24
Q

“A House Divided” against itself cannot stand

A

1858
Lincoln’’s speech

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25
Q

John Brown’s Raid

A

1859
Harper’s Ferry to free slaves

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26
Q

Crittenden Compromise

A

1860
last attempt at amendment against barring slavery below 36’30 lines
fails

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27
Q

Election of 1860

A

Lincoln (Rep) defeats Douglas (Dem)
Lincoln free soiler, not abolitionist

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28
Q

Civil War

A

1860-1865
South Carolina secedes 1860

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29
Q

“Gilded Age”

A

begins 1860
Beginning of Industrial Revolution

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30
Q

Fort Sumter

A

1861
Beauregard (S) fires first shot

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31
Q

“Necessity knows no law”

A

1861
Lincoln increases army, navy, 1st income tax, green backs, no freedom of press speech, Vallandigham (Copperhead - Peace Dem) jailed

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32
Q

Confederacy

A

established 1861
David = president
Stephens = VP
no protective tariffs
states could impeach federal officers
slavery protected
no federal funded improvements
States supreme
2/3 of house to appropriate money

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33
Q

Kansas admitted

A

1861
free state

34
Q

Ex Parte Marryman

A

1861
Lincoln suspends habeas corpus and passes martial law in Maryland
Taney says only Congress can suspend habeas corpus

35
Q

Bull Run

A

1861
South wins
Civil War becomes long

36
Q

Pacific railroad Act

A

1862
partially federally funded
gave land for RR

37
Q

Homestead Act

A

1862
gov. land grants for agricultural college

38
Q

Battle of Antietam

A

1863

39
Q

Banking Acts

A

1863, 1864
establish federally charted banks

40
Q

Draft Riot

A

1863
NY

41
Q

The Emancipation Proclamation

A

1863

42
Q

Battle of Gettysberg

A

1863
turning point

43
Q

10 Percent Plan

A

1863
Lincoln announce
lenient plan
must plan allegiance to US

44
Q

Election of 1864

A

Lincoln (Rep) defeats McClellan (Dem)

45
Q

Wade-Davis Bill

A

1864
South divided into military units until majority pledges allegiance and bans slavery

46
Q

Wade - Davis Manifesto

A

1864
Congress controls Reconstruction

47
Q

Pullman Car and Refrigerated Car invented

A

1864

48
Q

Sand Creek Massacre

A

1864
Chivington attacks defenseless Indian village

49
Q

Civil War ends

A

1865
Lee surrenders to Grant at Appomattox, VA

50
Q

Freedman’s Bureau established

A

1865
education and food

51
Q

Lincoln assassinated

A

1865
Andrew Johnson becomes president

52
Q

Johnson’s amnesty

A

1865
pardons almost all Confederates

53
Q

Thirteenth Amendment

A

1865
abolishes slavery

54
Q

Ex Parte Milligan

A

1866
Military courts can’t try civilians when civil courts are open

55
Q

Civil Rights Act is passed over Johnson’s veto

A

1866
gave blacks equal rights

56
Q

National Labor Union

A

formed 1866 - short lived
attempted political involvement (women’s rights, temperance, 8hr day, cooperatives)

57
Q

Fetterman Massacre

A

1866
troops killed

58
Q

Alaska Purchased

A

1867

59
Q

The Grange

A

1867 founded
Kelly
for social and educational reform for the farmer
farmers face deflation, debt, drought, depression

60
Q

Reconstruction Acts

A

1867
divide South into 5 military units
protect black voting
est. new constitutions

61
Q

Tenure of Office Act

A

1868
President can’t remove any appointed official without Senate consent

62
Q

14th Amendment

A

1868
all persons born / naturalized within US are citizens - equal protection

63
Q

KKK

A

begins 1868

64
Q

Washita River

A

1868
Custer destroys Cheyenne village

65
Q

Carnegie Steel Company

A

formed 1868

66
Q

Election of 1868

A

Grant (rep) defeats Seymore (Dem)

67
Q

Transcontinental RR completed

A

1868
Union Pacific and Central Pacific

68
Q

Knights of Labor

A

formed 1869
secret

69
Q

Fifteenth Amendment

A

ratified 1870
right to vote can’t be determined by race, color, etc.

70
Q

Force Acts

A

1870
to protect constitutional rights guaranteed to blacks by the 14th and 15th amendments

71
Q

Standard Oil Company

A

formed 1870

72
Q

Credit Mobilier Scandal

A

1872
stock holders of RR construction company overcharge gov. for job

73
Q

Election of 1872

A

Grant reelected

74
Q

Slaughterhouse cases

A

1873
14th Amendment doesn’t place fed gov’t under obligation to protect basic rights concerning monopolies

75
Q

Red River Wars

A

1874
last attempt to resist reservations

76
Q

Farmers Alliance

A

formed 1874
anti-RR pools, rebates, pass Granger laws

77
Q

Civil Rights Act

A

1875
gave blacks equal rights

78
Q

Pearl Harbor acquired

A

1875

79
Q

Battle of Little Bighorn

A

1876
Custer killed

80
Q

US vs Reese

A

1876
allows voting qualifications - literacy test, poll tax, grandfather clause

81
Q

telephone

A

invented 1876
Alexander Graham Bell

82
Q

Election of 1876

A

Hayes (Rep) defeats Tilden (Dem)

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