WWI, 20's, and 30's Flashcards
Period of influential changes in lifestyles, arts and technology
Roaring Twenties
liberal women with their newly found freedoms who wore bobbed hair, makeup, and shorter dresses. They were eager to try something new
Flapper
18th Amendment
Prohibited the manufacturing, sale, or transportation of alcoholic beverages
19th Amendment
Women granted right to vote, role of women changed
Harvey Couch
- Began building telephone lines across the state
- Founded the Arkansas Power and Light Company
- Convinced Northern bankers to build dams on Ouachita River
- Started AR’s first radio station WOK in Pine Bluff
Where did AR’s Oil Boom start
El Dorado, AR was the 4th largest producer of oil
What was the Arkansas Advancement Association
formed to promote good points of the state to out-of-state investors, brought newspaper and magazine writers to tour AR
What was the state’s nickname in the 1920’s
the wonder state
What was AR’s largest money maker
Timber and Furniture
jazz club in Harlem, New York, that featured some of the greatest black entertainers of that time but only served whites
Cotton Club
What led to the Elaine Race Riot
A mix of fear of Russia, fear of blacks getting power, and rumors that broke out.
How long did the Elaine Race Riot last
Two days
How many people died in the Elaine Race Riot
there was a range of twenty five to 856 blacks that were killed and five whites
What was the end result of the Elaine Race Riot
Sixty-five African Americans were tried on various charges. Twelve of them were sentenced to murder. They were later freed with the help of the NAACP
What were 3 things that AR did to help the war effort in WWI
they engaged in Wheatless Mondays and Meatless Tuesdays, they bought nearly $2 million in war bonds, and about 72,000 Arkansans served in the Armed Forces
an AR soldier killed in action during WWI who received the Congressional Medal of Honor
Major Oscar Franklin Miller
an accomplished marksman in the US Army during WWI, he was awarded with the Distinguished Service Cross
Private Herman Davis
WWI flying ace, earned the British Distinguished Service Cross and the American Distinguished Serviced Cross with an oak leaf cluster. Only two people in the war shot down more aircraft for the US Army during WWI
Captain field E. Kindley
soldier who served two months in WWI before he was shot down. His diary was assembled into “War Birds: the Diary of an Unknown Aviator”
Lieutenant John McGavock Grider
Described as the most destructive river-flood in US history, Arkansas was the hardest hit of eight flooded states
The Flood of 1927
drought
go without rain for a long period of time
Farmers from AR who moved to California in search of food and work
Arkies
what did the unemployment rate go to in the 1930’s
25%
192 banks failed, nearly 1/2 of all businesses closed, 245,000 Arkansans lost their jobs, local and county governments were without funds, state’s debt began to grow
the Depression hits AR
won by a large margin, becoming the first female US senator, she campaigned to fill the Senate seat for a full term, opposing 6 men (including Governor Brough)
Hattie Caraway
closed all banks in US; only allowed to reopen when they proved financially strong
Bank Holiday
using borrowed money to fund government programs
Deficit spending
formed to back savings accounts
FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corp)
formed to end people’s need for government aid; people were hired to build, became AR’s largest employer
WPA (Works Progress Association)
$9 million to AR; provided food, shelter, and money for unemployed
FERA (Federal Emergency Relief Administration)
paid farmers NOT to grow crops; as quantity decreased prices stabalized
AAA (Agriculture Adjustment Act)
payments went to landowners, not tenants who farmed the land. Landowners did not share the money. Union was formed by black and white tenants.
Southern Tenant Farmer’s Union
hired young men to work on outdoor projects
CCC (Civilian Conservation Corp)
hired skilled laborers for projects such as Robinson Auditorium
PWA (Public Works Administration)
Roosevelt created Farm Security Administration, Used AR program as model, Divided 16,000 acres into 500 farmsteads for 3000 white Arkansans, Designed in the shape of a wagon wheel
Dyess Colony
one supported of government programs
Liberal
one opposed to government programs
Conservative
opposed to government regulation; hands-off policy
Laissez faire
