Reconstruction

Question 1

A state can be re-admitted if 10% of those who voted in 1860 pledge loyalty to the Union

Answer 1

Lincoln’s 10% Plan

Question 2

Assumed the office of President after Lincoln’s death
Shared Lincoln’s ideas on Reconstruction
Impeached; acquitted

Answer 2

Andrew Johnson

Question 3

Reconstruction

Answer 3

US Government’s plans to rebuild the South following the Civil War
Aim was to get southern states back into the Union as quickly as possible

Question 4

13th Amendment

Answer 4

Prohibited slavery

Question 5

14th Amendment

Answer 5

All people born or naturalized cannot be denied rights of citizenship based on their race, nation of origin, or previous condition of servitude

Question 6

15th Amendment

Answer 6

Citizens cannot be denied the right to vote based on their race, nation of origin, or previous condition of servitude

Question 7

Jim Crow Laws

Answer 7

Had to pass a literacy test: Made it difficult for those who could not read or write to vote
,Required a dollar poll tax for voting at a time when most Arkansans did not see $25 cash in whole year. Poll tax must be paid well in advance of an election
,Democratic party proclaimed that its primary election was for whites only (only real election in AR, forcing the blacks out of AR politics)

Question 8

Arkansas and Reconstruction

Answer 8

Congress required a state to accept the 14th Amendment in order to rejoin the Union - arkansas refused at first

Question 9

Arkansas Governor 1864-1868

Answer 9

Isaac Murphy

Question 10

had a desire to punish the South for the war

Answer 10

Radicals

Question 11

sworn loyalty to the United States both prior to the Civil War and following the war: effectively excluded all ex-confederates from voting during reconstruction

Answer 11

Iron clad oath

Question 12

elected governor after Isaac Murphy

Answer 12

Powell Clayton

Question 13

Those who held political power

Answer 13

Scalawags ( native southerners who supported the Republican government)
African Americans
Carpetbaggers (northerners who moved south after Civil War presumably to get rich)

Question 14

Northern industrialists who owned and operated large railroad companies

Answer 14

robber barons

Question 15

First statewide public school established, was the first public college

Answer 15

Arkansas Industrial University

Question 16

Secret organization of white extremists formed by Southerners, Their purpose was to harass and harm black citizens and to obstruct their participation in government

Answer 16

Ku Klux Klan

Question 17

Judge Parker

Answer 17

Referred to as the “Hanging Judge”, Many outlaws loved outside the state in Indiana territory and would raid towns in western Arkansas, Parker swore in a United States Marshal and 200 deputies, Bass Reeves, an ex-slave, was recruited as Parker’s deputy marshal because he talked tribal languages and knew the country well. First African American to be commissioned as a U.S. deputy marshal west of the Mississippi River, Parker served 21 years as a judge. 160 people sentenced to death. 79-88 died on the gallows

Question 18

Elisha Baxter was elected governor of AR in 1872
Joseph Brooks
Felt he was rightful governor
Claimed voting fraud caused him to lose the election
Both were Republicans
Both organized militia units
US Army troops were sent to LR to prevent a major clash
Baxter was later declared official Governor
Between April 15 - May 15, over 200 people died

Answer 18

Brooks-Baxter War

Question 19

Significance of the Brooks-Baxter War

Answer 19

Internal bickering weakened the Republican party, Republican Reconstruction was on the decline in AR

Question 20

Name taken by the Democrats who came to power following the Brooks-Baxter War

Answer 20

Redeemers

Question 21

What happened while the democrats were in control of Arkansas

Answer 21

Prison inmates were leased out out to work for businesses and industries, Public education suffered greatly

Question 22

Education Problems - list three

Answer 22

Books and other supplies were hard to obtain, No law required children to attend school, Few teachers had gone past the 8th grade

Question 23

Made it difficult to raise taxes, Reduction in the Governor’s power

Answer 23

1874 Constitution

Question 24

Farmer who rents or does not own land, Loaned necessary supplies to work the land

Answer 24

Sharecroppers

Question 25

Number one Industry during reconstruction

Answer 25

Timber Industry

Question 26

Organization of lumbermen organized by Arthur Johnson, a journalist of Timberman in Chicago, and five other men

Answer 26

Concatenated Order of the Hoo-Hoo (Hoo-Hoo is the oldest industrial fraternal organization in the US)

Question 27

Supreme Court Ruling in 1896

Separate but equal

Answer 27

Plessy vs. Ferguson

Question 28

Three goals of former slaves

Answer 28

Legal protection
Own farming land
Good schools

Question 29

former slave who had gone to Oberlin College in Ohio was Little Rock’s first African American teacher. She taught for 70 years 1869-1939

Answer 29

Charlotte Stephens

Question 30

People who wanted to stop the sale of alcohol

Answer 30

Prohibitionists

Question 31

Organized the Hoo-Hoo

Answer 31

Arthur Johnson

Question 32

Established on March 3, 1865
Supervised all relief and educational activities relating to refugees and freedmen
Issued rations, clothing and medicine
Also assumed custody of confiscated lands or property in the former Confederate States and border states

Answer 32

Freeman’s bureau