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Herstory > WWI > Flashcards

WWI Flashcards

1
Q

Causes of the War

A 
Unstable balance of power
SUPER nationalism (inspired Princip)
Alliance system
German Kaiser gave AH a "blank check" of support
= international tension
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2
Q

Imperialism

A

colonization of foreign countries

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3
Q

Triple Alliance

A

Germany, Italy, Austria-Hungary

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4
Q

Triple Entente

A

France, Great Britain, Russia

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5
Q

Balkan Wars effects

A

Increase in production of war materiel = upset in balance of power

Great Britain plans to send army onto European continent, alarms Germany into producing Schlieffen Plan

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6
Q

Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

A

Gavrilo Princip - June 28 1914 in Bosnia

Gave AH “permission” to invade Serbia

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7
Q

Germany declares war

A

Russia - August 1, 1914

France - August 3, 1914

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8
Q

Response to Assassination

A

Russia mobilizes in response to AH

Germany gives both Russia & France ultimatum to stop mobilization/declare neutrality

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9
Q

Advantages to Triple Alliance

A
  • intensely industrialized
  • troops from AH
  • strong military power from Germany
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10
Q

Disadvantages to Triple Alliance

A
  • two fronts - Russia east, FRance/Britain west
  • cut off from colonies
  • Italy switches sides
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11
Q

Advantages to Triple Entente

A
  • Britain = best navy
  • US as trading power
  • lots of colonies
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12
Q

Disadvantages to Triple Entente

A
  • divided/can’t communicate
  • German u-boats = huge threat to British navy
  • Russia lacks weapons
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13
Q

Where ARE the Balkans?

A

Between Austro-Hungarian, Ottoman, and Russian empire

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14
Q

Ethnic and political instabilities of Balkans

A

Nationalism to ethnic groups instead of government, no strong government

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15
Q

War of Attrition

A

wear down the enemy by getting them to use as much war material as possible. Not to gain territory, but kill as many men as possible

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16
Q

Lusitania

A

May 7, 1915

German u-boats sunk American cargo ship, killing 127 Americans and causing Germany to suspend unrestricted sub warfare

17
Q

Zimmerman Telegram

A

January 9, 1917

Released to America by Britain in March, causing Wilson to visit Congress

18
Q

America declares war

A

April 4, 1917 - provide 12 million untrained men (can’t fight until end of 1917)

19
Q

Wilson’s 14 points

A
  1. No more secret agreements
  2. Free navigation of all seas
  3. End to economic barriers
  4. Countries to reduce weapon numbers
  5. Decisions regarding colonies should be impartial
  6. -13. Deals with specific countries
  7. League of Nations to guarantee political/territorial independence
20
Q

End of the War

A

Spring 1918 Germany runs out of resources
AH Empire dissolves into successor states
Kaiser abdicates
Armistice signed at 11 am, 11/11/18
10 million dead, 20 million wounded, $330 billion = cost

21
Q

Alan Seeger

A

American poet in French Foreign Legion

22
Q

Armenian Massacre

A

April 24, 1915

23
Q

Battle of the Somme

A

June 1-November 13, 1916

British offensive but no weapons??
Bombed German lines and expected them all to be dead, but they were alive and waiting to slaughter the British

24
Q

Siegfried Sassoon

A

British officer and poet - wrote Memoirs of George Sherston and The Old Huntsman

25
Q

Passchendaele (or Third Battle of Ypres)

A

July 1 - November 10

Big victory for British but then take 6 wks off
Wet summer/fall - lots of mud drowning

26
Q

“Chess board thinking” (General Von Schlieffen)

A
  • France weaker than Germany but protected by forts
  • Russia weaker than Germany but protected by space
  • Weak Italy which didn’t count
  • Britain ignored because Schlieffen thought the navy was unimportant & didn’t expect them to honor their alliance with Belgium
27
Q

Weltpolitik

A

Establishing great power through imperialism, aggressive diplomacy, and development of a strong navy

28
Q

World Leaders

A

France - Georges Clemenceau
US - Woodrow Wilson
Great Britain - Lloyd George
Italy - Orlando

29
Q

Generals

A

General Haig - Britain (Somme/Passchendaele)

von Hindenburg and Ludendorff - Germany

30
Q

Goals of Treaty of Versailles

A

Destroy German militarism
Restore stability in leadershipless states
Redraw European map
Create new world order where such a war could never again exist

Herstory (11 decks)

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