Interwar years/German expansion (DBQ) Flashcards
End of War PSYCHOLOGICAL results/effects on Germany
- War Guilt Clause from ToV = destructive to morale & economy
- Needed a leader
- No recognition of accomplishments on Eastern front
End of War ECONOMIC impact on Germany
- Rhineland gone
- Farm/industrial land taken over
- Print money for reparations therefore money devalued
- Colonies taken
- Economy weak - no product to trade/barter
End of War POLITICAL impact on Germany
- No leader
- military basically nonexistent
- Chaos of 1918: single platform parties emerge
Emergence of Weimar Republic
1919
Hindenburg = chosen leader
Reichstag = parliament
In emergency, H given power over R
Problems of Weimar Republic
Reparations: money = no value, so give Britain/France art treasures/raid safe deposit boxes to pay for
Dawes Plan
US loans money to Germany to pay reparations
goal: Britain/France now have money to trade with US
Convince GB/F to scale down reparations & leave the Ruhr Valley
Global Depression
German citizens blame it on government & oppose democracy
Bavarian Nazi Party begins to emerge
Election of 1932
Nazi Party = 33% vote
largest party in Reichstag but not ONLY party
Hindenburg chooses HItler as Chancellor
Election of 1928
Nazi party only gets 3% vote
Disappointment
Mass Appeal of Hitler
Basis of support focused on depression
Everyone hurt: farmers, middle class, unemployed…
People see what they want in Hitler because he appeals to everyone…accepted evils for the sake of the benefits
Death of Hindenburg
September 2, 1934
- suspicious circumstances
- Hitler rises to power by merging positions of Chancellor and President into Fuhrer
4 Power Treaty
Late 1920’s
USA, Britain, Japan, France
if territorial disputes, negotiation
Open door policy
Late 1920’s
Europe, China, USA
access to trade in China
Japan’s Expansion
1931
Manchuria & beyond
Destroyers for Bases
September 1940
Give 50 US destroyers to UK in exchange for 99 year lease on bases in Caribbean
also starts first peacetime draft in US history
Land Lease Act
March 1941
Economic war on Germany
US lend/lease war material to whatever countries we want
Renounce ToV
October 1934 Hitler renounces ToV
no more reparations
expand military
1936
Germany occupies Rhineland; France withdraws with no reaction
Anschluss
“unifying” annex Austria (like lebensraum) in 1938
Munich Pact
Sept. 29, 1938
Britain/France/Germany/Italy meet to determine fate of Czech gov (since Hitler occupied Sudetenland)
appeasement - allow Hitler Sudetenland but no more
March 1939
rest of Czechoslovakia taken (finally concerns Brit/France)
Nazi/Soviet Pact
August 23, 1939
10 year non aggression pact
Divide Poland as buffer state
Attack of Poland
September 1: Poland defeated in 18 days with blitzkrieg strategy
