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ww2 Flashcards

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1
Q

appeasement

A

yielding an enemies demands to keep peace

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2
Q

Munich pact

A

agreement in which britisn and France appeased Hitler by agreeing that Germany could annex the Sudetenland, a german speaking region of czechoslovakia

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3
Q

Stalin

A
  • Totalitarianism: gov. controls all aspects of life
  • 2 main goals
  • modernize industry and raise agriculture
  • targeted people he thought would overthrow him
  • KGB enforced him
  • 5 year plans
  • gulag (labor camps)
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4
Q

Benito Mussolini

A
  • Fascism: extreme nationalism (state first, liberty second)
  • favors military
  • Black shirts
  • outlawed political parties, and labor unions, censored press
  • felt wrong about T of V
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5
Q

Adolf Hitler

A

Nazism: Fascism and Racism, Aryan superiority

  • wanted to expand
  • abolishes weimer republic
  • Der Fuhrer
  • broke T of V
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6
Q

Hirohito/ Hideki Tojo

A 
Hiohito- political leader 
Hideki- military leader
-militarism: focuses on military 
-emporer goes along with what hideki says 
-called for expansion
-Tojo became Japans Prime Minister
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7
Q

what does FDR do as dictators rise to power

A

stays out of it “good neighbor policy”

- 21 countries follow his lead

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8
Q

Hitler did what to test the L of N

A

builded germanys army

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9
Q

What did mussolini do to test the L of N

A

invaded ethiopia

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10
Q

non-agression pact

A

between stalin and hitler, to avoid a war on 2 fronts after he attacked poland,

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11
Q

blitzkrieg

A

lightning war, germany military strategy during ww2 of attacking without warning

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12
Q

fascism

A

political movement based on extreme nationalism, state first, liberty second

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13
Q

totalitarianism

A

gov controls all aspects of society, including economy

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14
Q

nazism

A

form of fascism that promoted the belief that germans and other nordic peoples were superior to other races

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15
Q

spanish civil war

A

spanish military and its right-winged allies known as nationalists overthrow spains democratic republic

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16
Q

neutrality acts

A

congress passes laws to keep the US neutral

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17
Q

Barbarossa

A
  • Hitler was worried about stalin
  • invasion of soviet union
  • soviets used scorched earth policy
  • Soviets defeat the germans in stallingrad by blocking off supply lines
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18
Q

fall of france

A

Hitler attacks france, using blitzerig tactics
-britian a\tried to evacuate as many soldiers as possible, as France was falling Musolini declared war on britian and france.

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19
Q

what happened after france fell?

A

germany occupied 3/5ths of the country, portion became a puppet government

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20
Q

puppet government

A

gov run by citizens of a conquored country who carry out the policies of the conquorer.

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21
Q

what happened to britian after france fell?

A

hitler bombed them, and attacked british ships, ports, and airfeilds, british defended

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22
Q

lend- lease act

A

legislation passed by congress in 1941 adopting a plan to lend arms to britian

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23
Q

axis powers

A

German, Italy, Japan

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24
Q

Allied powers

A

France, Britian, US

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25
Q

rome- berlin axis

A

forgen an alliance between italy and germany

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26
Q

when did hitler break the munich pact

A

when he invade czechoslovakia and seized control of prague

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27
Q

what did the US do to stop japan?

A

sent loans to china, froza japanese assets, and blocked vital resources like oil to japan.

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28
Q

what was damaged in pearl harbor/ how many died?

A

18 ships, 300 aircraft, 2,400 dead, 1,200 wounded

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29
Q

after the US declared war on japan, who declared war on the US

A

Germany, and Italy

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30
Q

war production board

A

federal agency set up to manage the conversion of industries to military production during WW2

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31
Q

examples of wartime production board changes

A
  • switch from automobile engine manufacture to tanks and plane engine manufacture
  • soft drink company to making artillery shells
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32
Q

what did the war time production end?

A

the depression

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33
Q

NWLB

A

was set up to mobilize labor

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34
Q

what did the OPA do?

A

instituted price controls, a system of legal restrictions on the prices charged for goods.

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35
Q

what did rationing do?

A

kept the US from over consuming scarce goods

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36
Q

what are ways americans contributed to the war effort?

A
  • car pools
  • bikes to work
  • recycled metals, paper, rubber
  • victory gardens
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37
Q

what does GI mean?

A

Government Issue

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38
Q

what was a GI

A

nickname for soldier during ww2

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39
Q

how many americans joined the war effort after pearl harbor?

A

6 million

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40
Q

what did Roosevelt do after pearl harbor

A

made anyone of german, Italian, or Japanese descent turn in all camera’s and weapons, and carry a special identification card.

41
Q

what were these people referred to as (after pearl harbor)

A

enemy aliens

42
Q

interniment camps

A

a center for confining people who have been relocated for reason of national security

43
Q

executive order 9066

A

declared that large military zones could be set up to exclude current residents who were believed to threaten national security FEB 1942

44
Q

military used executive order 9066 to do what?

A

launch a mass evacuation of Japanese from the pacific coast

45
Q

why were japanese attacked more than italian and german americans?

A

there were a lot less Japanese than there were italian and germans

46
Q

Korematsu VS U.S.

A

declared that the gov had a right to keep Japanese americans in the internment camps (he wanted to stay with his american girl friend)

47
Q

what was life like in internment camps?

A

high barbed wire fences, machine gun towers

48
Q

after beign released from the internment camsps, where did most go?

A

to fight in war, 442nd regimental combat team

49
Q

what happened to women as ww2 progressed?

A

they got better paying jobs and did more

50
Q

women army corps

A

a womens unit of the US army, est. 1942

51
Q

navy women

A

WAVES

52
Q

coast guard women

A

SPARs

53
Q

double v campaign

A

double victory, victory for democracy at home and abroad

54
Q

tuskegee airmen

A

first black combat unit in 1941, were pilots, served as bomber escorts, only group to never loose a bomber to enemy planes

55
Q

Philip Randolph

A

got Roosevelt to sign executive order 8802 JUNE 25, 1941

56
Q

executive order 8802

A

outlawed discrimination by defense contractors

57
Q

what did executive order 8802 help?

A

helped pve the way for nearly a million black americans to work for defense industries during the war

58
Q

Kistallnacht

A

night of broken glass, mobs smashed jewish owned shops, burned buildings and synagogue’s,

59
Q

St. Louis

A

carried 930 jews from germ to Cuba, cuba refused to accept them, roosevelt then ignored their plea’s for help, ship turned around, many died in concentration camos

60
Q

war refugee board

A

arranged for jewish refugees to saty at centers in Italy and North Africa, as well as in former US army camps,

61
Q

what factors kept officials from accepting jews into the country

A

worried that it would raise anti-semetic feelings, also espionage and sabotage from nazi’s

62
Q

jewish GI’s

A

felt the sting of prejudice from all sides, had new experiences, leaving home

63
Q

how did mexicans view joinign the war

A

a way to prove their loyalty to the US

64
Q

Bracero Program

A

manual labor, mexican americans recieved short term contracts to come to the US to work, usually farm labor

65
Q

barrio

A

a neighborhood, in mexican american cultures, crime rates were high

66
Q

zoot suit riots

A

baggy pants and broad brimmed hat, with a long suit coat, usually teenagers wore them. tended to be associated with street gangs.
-were clashes between sailors and mexican american youths who wore these zoot suits. the mexicans were arrested

67
Q

final solution

A

the systematic extermination of jews

68
Q

precision bombing

A

bombed specific targets

69
Q

saturation bombing

A

rapid release of a large number of bombs over a wide area

70
Q

d- day/ operation overlord

A

troops crossed the english channel by ship and deploy onto the beaches of normandy, France. JUNE 6th.

71
Q

holocaust

A

the systematic state-sponsored persecution and murder of jews and other minority groups by the Nazi’s

72
Q

battle of the buldge

A

was the last german offensive on the western front

73
Q

VE day

A

victory in europe day MAY 8th…, roosevelt died April 12th before the war was over

74
Q

Douglas MAc ARthur

A
  • resisted against japanese onslought
  • promised that he would return
  • finally returned OCT 1944
  • fought there until the end of the war
75
Q

Bataan death march

A

japanese soldiers rounded up 70,000 survivng starving troops (american and filipino) and marched them to their deaths, up the bataan peninsula, near the Manila prison camp. 63 mile march.

76
Q

battle of the coral sea

A

fought by carrier- based aircraft, first naval battle in history in which the ships never came within sight of each other. the Lexington was sunk and the Yorktown was damaged.

77
Q

code talkers

A

group of navajo that spoke and was understood by few people. made a good code to transmit vital iformation

78
Q

battle of midway

A

US naval victory in the pacific during ww2 that stopped japanese expansion and forced Japan to focus on defense

79
Q

leapfrogging

A

strategy used in the pacific war during ww2, which island heavily defended by japanese were bypassed in order to capture nearby islands that were not well defended and then bomb the bigger island from the smaller ones

80
Q

Iwo Jima

A

bloodiest battle

fought to the death

81
Q

okinawa

A

much was hand to hand, lot of cassualities

82
Q

why were okinawa and iwo jima important?

A

if the US took these islands, they could easily bomb and defeat Japan

83
Q

Manhattan project

A

top secret US gov project that invented the atomic bomb

84
Q

why would only the atomic bomb end the war?

A

the japanese were stubborn and didn’t want to end fighting even though they had lost

85
Q

eisenhower

A

beleived that japan was looking for a way to surrender without loosing honor

86
Q

what happened Aug 6th

A

atomic bomb dropped on hiroshima 80,000 dead

87
Q

what hapened Aug 9th

A

atomic bomb dropped on NAgasaki, killing 40,000 instantly

88
Q

VJ day

A

victory in Japan Aug 14th

89
Q

who had the most war casualties

A

Soviets - 2o million

90
Q

how many US casualties

A

400,000 americans

91
Q

world bank

A

designed to provide loans to help countries recover from war

92
Q

UN

A

was the product of the GATT general agreement on tariffs and trade

93
Q

universal declaration of human rights

A

document adopted by the UN, affirming basic human rights of life liberty, equality, freedom of religion, expression and assekmbly

94
Q

war crimes

A

violation of internationally accepted practices related to waging war

95
Q

Yalta confrence

A

discussed punishment for ar criminals

96
Q

nurember trials

A

an international military tribunal convicted NAzi leaders of war crimes

97
Q

GI Bill

A

provided federal funds to help returning GI’s make the transition to civillian life. the funds would make it easier for vets to continue their education and buy a home

98
Q

geneva conventions

A

series of international agreements that set rules for proper conduct towards sick wounded enemy soldiers and the civillians who take care of them

99
Q

ICC

A

international criminal court, has the power to try individuals accused of genocide , crimes against humanity, war crimes, addn the crims of agression

US History (9 decks)

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