Civil rights Flashcards
(63 cards)
what did plessy vs ferguson create?
separate but equal laws
what did jim crow laws establish?
separate facilities for whites and blacks in the south
de facto segregation
segregation established by practice and custom, rather than by law
de jure segregation
segregation by law
restrictive covenant
agreement among neighbors not to sell or rent to african americans or other racial minorities
what did restrictive covenants do to blacks?
forced them into poor neighborhoods that were farther from jobs, public transport, or good schools
racial zoning
local laws that defined where the different races could live
miscegenation
interracial marriage
disenfranchise
to deny voting rights
white primary
primary election in which only whites could participate
gerrymandering
the practice of redrawing the lines of a voting district to give one party an unfair advantage
Color line
barrier created by custom law, and economic differences
Executive Order 9981
issued by Truman ended segregation in military
C.O.R.E.
congress of racial inequality/ dedicated to civil rights reform through nonviolent action
Thurgood Marshal
- head of NAACP in 1940
- lead atourney in brown vs. board of education
- famous “doll test”
Brown vs. Board of education of Topeka
- Linda had to walk and ride a bus far away when there was a white school several blocks away
- ruled that segregation in public schools was unconstitutional
class action lawsuit
lawsuit filed by people on behalf of themselves and a larger group who might benefit
“doll test”
16 black kids were shown a black and white doll, 10 chose white as nice and 11 selected the black as bad
Bull Connor
police chief that sprayed black protestors with hoses
Rosa Parks
refused to give up her seat to a white guy. Rosa was active in the NAACP
Bus Boycott
- led by MLK Jr.
- on December 5th, 90% of blacks boycotted the bus
SCLC
Southern christian leadership confrence/ organization formed by MLK and other civil rights leaders in 1957 to use non violent resistance to achieve social and political goals
Orval Faubus
Gov of Arkansas, declared that he would not support desegregation in little rock, Called national guard as a show of force and to prevent them from entering
little rock 9
when 9 students tried to enter central high, a mob of whites blocked them from entering- Eisenhower sent federal troops to protect them and get them into the school
