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US History > Civil rights > Flashcards

Civil rights Flashcards

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1
Q

what did plessy vs ferguson create?

A

separate but equal laws

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2
Q

what did jim crow laws establish?

A

separate facilities for whites and blacks in the south

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3
Q

de facto segregation

A

segregation established by practice and custom, rather than by law

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4
Q

de jure segregation

A

segregation by law

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5
Q

restrictive covenant

A

agreement among neighbors not to sell or rent to african americans or other racial minorities

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6
Q

what did restrictive covenants do to blacks?

A

forced them into poor neighborhoods that were farther from jobs, public transport, or good schools

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7
Q

racial zoning

A

local laws that defined where the different races could live

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8
Q

miscegenation

A

interracial marriage

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9
Q

disenfranchise

A

to deny voting rights

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10
Q

white primary

A

primary election in which only whites could participate

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11
Q

gerrymandering

A

the practice of redrawing the lines of a voting district to give one party an unfair advantage

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12
Q

Color line

A

barrier created by custom law, and economic differences

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13
Q

Executive Order 9981

A

issued by Truman ended segregation in military

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14
Q

C.O.R.E.

A

congress of racial inequality/ dedicated to civil rights reform through nonviolent action

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15
Q

Thurgood Marshal

A
  • head of NAACP in 1940
  • lead atourney in brown vs. board of education
  • famous “doll test”
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16
Q

Brown vs. Board of education of Topeka

A
  • Linda had to walk and ride a bus far away when there was a white school several blocks away
  • ruled that segregation in public schools was unconstitutional
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17
Q

class action lawsuit

A

lawsuit filed by people on behalf of themselves and a larger group who might benefit

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18
Q

“doll test”

A

16 black kids were shown a black and white doll, 10 chose white as nice and 11 selected the black as bad

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19
Q

Bull Connor

A

police chief that sprayed black protestors with hoses

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20
Q

Rosa Parks

A

refused to give up her seat to a white guy. Rosa was active in the NAACP

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21
Q

Bus Boycott

A
  • led by MLK Jr.

- on December 5th, 90% of blacks boycotted the bus

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22
Q

SCLC

A

Southern christian leadership confrence/ organization formed by MLK and other civil rights leaders in 1957 to use non violent resistance to achieve social and political goals

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23
Q

Orval Faubus

A

Gov of Arkansas, declared that he would not support desegregation in little rock, Called national guard as a show of force and to prevent them from entering

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24
Q

little rock 9

A

when 9 students tried to enter central high, a mob of whites blocked them from entering- Eisenhower sent federal troops to protect them and get them into the school

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25
Q

Executive order 10730

A

eisenhower sent troops to accompany the little rock 9 and lead them into the school

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26
Q

James Meredith

A

turned to NAACP when Ole Miss wouldn’t let him in. He secretly arrived onto campus, students burned cars and destroyed property
-JFK set federal marshals to protect Meredith, so he could attend classes

27
Q

sit-ins

A

protest in which protestors sit down in a public place and refuse to move, thereby causing the buisness to lose customers

28
Q

SNCC

A

student nonviolent coordinating committee/ organized sit ins and other nonviolent protests

29
Q

civil disobedience

A

the nonviolent refusal to obey a law that the persecutor considers to be unjust

30
Q

direct action

A

political acts, including protests of all types, designed to have an immediate impact

31
Q

freedom rides

A

protests in which black and whites rode interstate buses together in 1961 to test wether southern states were complying w/ the supreme court ruling against segregation on interstate transport.

32
Q

Birmingham protest

A
  • may 2nd protestors were arrested
  • may 3rd bull connor barricaded them at the church and used attack dogs and high pressure hoses on students that tried to leave
33
Q

march on washington

A

250,000 people march on washington for jobs and freedom

34
Q

“i have a dream speech”

A

made by MLK at the march on washington

35
Q

Lyndon B. Johnson

A

pushed for the civil rights bill after JFK was assasinated

36
Q

filibustered

A

a tactic in which a memeber of a legislature speaks at great length to prevent legislative action

37
Q

civil rights act of 1964

A

banned discrimination on the basis of race, sex, religion, or national origin

38
Q

freedom summer

A

campaign by CORE and SNC to register black voters in Mississippi

39
Q

voting rights act of 1965

A

outlawed literacy tests and other tactics that had long been used to deny african americans the right to vote

40
Q

black power

A

call for blacks to have economic and political power, with emphasis on not relying on nonviolent protests

41
Q

watts riot

A

a black ghetto in LA, cause by frustration, poverty, prejudice, and police mistreatment/ laste d6 days, 34 died 900 injured

42
Q

Kerner Commission

A

concluded that white racism was the fundamental cause of the watts riot

43
Q

Malcolm X

A
  • was against nonviolence

- was assasinated by the nation of islam

44
Q

Elijah Muhammad

A

leader of a religious group known as the nation of Islam or black muslims/ taught that blacks were earths first people, but were tricked out of power and opressed by whites

45
Q

black nationalism

A

doctorine promoted by the nation of islam, calling for complete separation from white society

46
Q

black panthers

A

group that demanded economic and political rights and was prepared to take violent action

47
Q

afrocentrism

A

focus on african history, culture , and achievments of african peoples and their descendants in the US

48
Q

UFW

A

united farm workers, smalll union for migrant farm workers

49
Q

NFWA

A

formed by ceasar chavez and Dolores Huerta/ later became the UFW

50
Q

N.O.W.

A

National organization for Women/ formed to advance womens rights

51
Q

betty friedan

A

author who exposed the unhappiness of middle-class women (feminine mystique)

52
Q

glass ceiling

A

an invisible barrier to womens professional advancement

53
Q

womans liberation

A

goal of emancipating women from customs and laws that keep them subordinate to men

54
Q

Bilingual education

A

teaching in 2 languages

55
Q

many latino’s faced

A

employment discrimination

56
Q

Cesar Chavez

A
  • relied on non-violence
  • helped found the UFW
  • strike against grape growers
57
Q

la raza unida

A
  • political party
  • the people united
  • used this to identify themselves and connect w/ their heritage
58
Q

AIM

A

american indian movement/ protest unfair treatment

59
Q

how many indians took over alcatraz and why

A

98 and to make themselves known

60
Q

did american indians get any changes

A

some, small improvements

61
Q

JACL

A

formed to defend the rights of Japanese americans

62
Q

stonewall riots

A

riots in 1969 by customers of a gay bar in NY in response to a police raid

63
Q

gray panthers

A

spoke out agaisnt unfair treatment of older americans

US History (9 decks)

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