Progressivism Flashcards
Muckrakers
writers who exposed corruption (Jacob riis, Nellie Bly)
urbanization
the growth of cities:
1860- 50% agriculture
1900- 22% agriculture
Fredrick Jackson Turner
Significance of the frontier in American History; wrote paper about expanding westward caused up to come together and form government, to face dangers (Indians, Animals, Starvation)
Industrialization
40% live in cities
economy grows 6x bc of factories/ mechanization
department stores develop/ mail order
new vs. old imigration
- 12 mil in 50 years
- was harder for these new immigrants(S europe, Asia, Mexico, Canada) bc they didnt speak the language, as opposed to the first immigrants from N/W europe
- Most end up as factory workers in city
Political Machines
- full-time politicians, consumed by obtaining and keeping power
- targeted immigrants to work for them
Boss Tweed
- Tammany district leader
- Boss
- Dictator
- example: Mr.Ricci
Patronage
give jobs to friends/ supporters
Jim crow laws
intended to restrict social contact between whites and blacks- limit blacks opportunities
Booker T Washington vs. WEB Du Bois
Both wanted end discrimination
Washington: wanted to job train, obtain economic dependence, then political independence(had to wait for more jobs)
Du Bois: wanted ti further liberal arts program, prove themselves then they will get jobs.
Ida B. Wells
Lynching is economic, only lynched wealthy blacks, took out competition
Robber Barons
A business leader who became wealthy through dishonest methods
Plessy vs. Fergusson/ what did it create?
Plessy was accused of “sitting in a white car”, he was 7/8 white 1/8 black. was found guilty
created spereate but equal laws
temperance movement
wanted to ban alcohol
fathers drink less, work more, more time with kids
Jane Addams
A social worker,
created the hull house
Provided homes for poor
Helped with trash
Progressives
- Made reforms to improve the country
- Made up of woman, middle class, educated
Social gospel movement
- Based on the idea that social reform and Christianity went hand in hand, -believed that pursuit of wealth lead American down the wrong path
- society must take responsibility for the less fortunate
Social Darwinism/ who opposed it?
Progressives opposed it, social Darwinists believed that only the fittest corporations would thrive, while others would fall behind
Muller vs. Oregon
Worked, limited the amount of hours woman could work
Lochner vs. New York
Didn’t work, tried to limit the amount of time bakers could work
Worker compensation
If you get hurt in the job, you are compensated in $$$$$
Tuskegee institute
Founded by Washington Tried to give blacks: -economic independence -job training -political independence
NAWSA
A group that fought for woman’s rights
Elizabeth Cadu Stanton was the 1st pres.
Declaration of sentiments
1848
- injustices by the Gov.
- complaints: took away woman’s wages, and social equality
- goal: woman’s equality
Alice Paul
- Went to swathmore and U-Penn
- well educated
- headed NAWSA chapter in DC
- organized parade
- protested outside White House “silent sentiments”
Carrie chapman Catt
- wanted to get right to vote state by state
- negotiate/not demand
- supports Wilson
Uptown Sinclair
Muckraker
Wrote the jungle
Hiram Johnson
Limited powers of the RR.
Fought against child labor and for woman’s 8 hour work day
CALIFORNIA
Robert La Follette
“Battling bob”
Took on big RR. And won!
WISCONSIN
Pendleton act
You must be qualified for your job- civil service exams
Jacob Riis
-Emigrated to US from Denmark 1870
-Worked menial jobs until he joined a news crew
- argued that poor were victims rather than the muckrakers of their fate
Book: how the other half lives
Referendum
law passed by state legislature… idk
Initiative
Citizens can propose and pass laws
Teddy Roosevelt
Bull moose party
Pure food and drug act
To regulate the manufacture of foods and drugs in 1906- Roosevelt
And stop selling harmful products
Sherman anti-trust act
1890- Roosevelt
To regulate monopolys
Clayton anti-trust act
1914 Wilson
Extended the Sherman anti-trust acts
Child labor act- keating owen
1916 - Wilson
Protect 14 year old from working
16th amendment
1913- Wilson
Establish a federal income tax, graduated income
17th amendment
1913 Wilson
Vote for senator
18th amendment
1919 Wilson
Banned alcohol
19th amendment
1920 Wilson
Woman’s rights- vote
Square deal
Teddy Roosevelt, wants to make everything fair, (workers, bosses, consumers)
New freedom
Wilsons national reform program, to limit the power of trusts, to promote economic freedom
How did the federal reserve act stabilize the national banking system?
Gave Uncle Sam more of a day in how baking is done
What was the NAACP
Was for blacks and was started by Dubois
Preservation and conservation act
By teddy Roosevelt wanted to protect national parks
Teddy Roosevelt
- His vote was split with Taft
- “Trust buster”
- “square deal”
- youngest president
- bull moose party (republican)
William Howard Taft
- won 1908 election easily
- pissed off Roosevelt
- was the real trust buster (90 vs 54)
- was progressive- raised tariffs
Woodrow Wilson
Born in Virginia
New freedom
Limited trusts, bank and tariff reforms
Created federal trade commission
To kick out an elected official before his term has expired
Recal
Political cartoonist that revealed boss tweed
Thomas Nast
Suffragist on the 1 dollar coin, asked for ERA in 1860’s
Susan b Anthony
Citizens can suggest and pass laws
Initiative
Let gov. Set max prices for RR
Hepburn act
African American man created the NAACP
WEB Dubois
This court case made 8 hour work days illegal
Lockyer vs New York
Main progressive goal
Reform big businesses
