WW1 Flashcards
4 Causes
- Entangled Alliances
- Imperialism
- Nationalism
- Militarism
System of Alliances Begins (9)
-otto van bismarck
-prussian chancellor unites Germany
-OVB intervention to keep France isolated failed
-OVB formed the Three Emperors League
^Russia, Austria-Hungary, and Germany
-Leagues failed
^Russian wants the Balkans
^OVB hosts congress of berlin and gives balkans to Austria Hungary
^Russia infuriated and leave league
Dual Alliances (4)
-formed with Austria-Hungary and Germany
^later becomes triple alliance when Italy joins
-purpose now to isolate France and protect against Russia
-Kaiser William II follows bismarck in 1890
Kaiser William II failures (7)
- fails to create a Russian Alliance
-french reaps the benefit with a treaty to Russia
^promise to come to each other’s aid in war - challenges Britain
-ship building
-colonization
^british forms treaties with Russia + France, forming triple entente
Rival Camps in Europe (2)
Triple Entente: Russia, France, Britain
Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy
Imperialism
Exploratory (new territory, natives, natural resources)
M
Political (land, resources, control over others govt.)
Ideological (improve non europeans, more like them)
Religious (convert, challenge beliefs)
Economic (raw materials, money)
nationalism
people should have pride in their country
intense competition
brings about unification and revolution in europe
nationalism in germany (9)
-movement after napoleonic wars
-italy roman empire dissolved
-nation states all share language and culture
-Kaiser William II (Prussian king) unified Germany with Bismarck
-Franco Prussian War
^fought over Alsace/Lorraine
^both german and french speaking
-prussian victory
^might of unified germany
Italy (7)
-fallout from napoleon
^wanted unified germany
-Italian nation states shared culture and religion
-Rome and papal states under control by Vatican
-kingdom of Sardinia under Victor Emmanuel II
-Allied with france and germany to secure independence
-rome becomes capital of Italy, formerly Genoa or Florence
The Balkans (6)
-major influence from Austria-Hungary, Russia, Ottoman Empire
^protestant/catholic, eastern orthodox, and muslim all influence language and culture
-nationalist movements arise from 19th century
^napoleonic wars
^crimean war
-wars by major powers spur needs for autonomy
propaganda
-information or material spread to advance a cause or damage an opponent’s cause
Militarism (2)
- European nations build armies to protect themselves from other nations
- european nations are glorifying military power and have a readiness to go to war
european important people (7)
-Emperor Franz Joseph ^austria-hungary -Sophia and Franz Ferdinand ^heir to Austria-Hungary throne -Gavrilo Princip ^black hand movement ^wanted an indenpendent Serbia
Death of Archduke and Wife … (8)
- deaths of Archduke and his wife set of a chain of event leading to WW1
- Austria looks to punish Serbia
- Serbians try to comply to Austria’s demands
- Austrians declare war against Serbia
- Russians mobilize to defend Serbia
- European powers urge Russia and Austria to negotiate peace
- Germans mobilize to defend Austria
- negotiations fail: war is inevitable
Battle of Tannenburg (5)
-Germany vs Prussia
-Germany wins big
-Russian General Samson committed suicide
-Russia only contributes soldiers to the war
^unprepared in terms of food, clothing, and weaponry