Wound Care Flashcards

1
Q

Function of skin

A

Protection against bacteria, dehydration, Uv light
Sensation
Movement with out injury
Excretion regulates volumes and chemical comp of sweat
Vit D production
Immunity
Temp regulation/ shivering vasoconstriction

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2
Q

Dermis

A

Contains no skin cells
Collagen- fibrous protein layer contains blood vessels and nerve cells
Important factor in wound healing
dermis restores the physical properties of the skin and structural integrity
Provides mechanical strength for the skin

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3
Q

Epidermis

A

The outer layer of the skin directly in contact with the environment
5 layers
Melanin
Keratin
Contains nerves and provides sensation of pain pressure and temperature
Reservoir for water and electrolytes
Makes skin stretchable and elastic

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4
Q

Abrasion

A

Not deep, wide, kinda like a brush burn

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5
Q

Lacerations

A

Deep, long, in one line, thinner than an abrasion

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6
Q

Contusion

A

Bruising

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7
Q

Punctures

A

Deep, small surface area on skin

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8
Q

Avulsions

A

Skin peels off (devolving)

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9
Q

Ulcer

A

Lesion that erodes away the skin

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10
Q

Surgical incisions are

A

Well approximated

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11
Q

Causes of wounds

A

Trauma
Pressure
Shear and friction
Poor circulation

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12
Q

Three stages of healing

A

Inflammation
Proliferation
Maturation

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13
Q

Inflammation

A

blood vessels constrict, intrinsic clotting pathway, fibrin matrix seals from further contamination and neutrophils removed dead tissues

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14
Q

Proliferation

A
Monocytes
Phagocytes 
Granulation of tissue formation 
New tissue 
Collagen replace fibrin 
Maturation of new tissue
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15
Q

Maturation

A

New tissue

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16
Q

Granulation

A

New tissues forming, pink/white

17
Q

Primary intention of wound healing

A

Gluing, suture, staples

18
Q

Secondary intention

A

Wound contracts and cells grow

19
Q

Wounds heal from the ____ to _____

A

Outside

20
Q

Secondary intention or open wound healing

A
Already infected
Made by dirty contaminated tissue 
Animal or human bites 
Wound old at treatment 
Made when there is a lot of tissue damage can happen on bottoms of the foot
21
Q

Chronic wounds

A

Diabetic foot ulcers

Arterial or venous statis ulcers

22
Q

Disturbances in wound healing

A
Infection 
Smoking 
Malnutrition 
Cancer 
Age 
Venous statis 
DM 
dehydration
23
Q

Medications

A

Delays in healing and predisposes them to infection

24
Q

Perianal dermatitis

A
Chronic exposure to moisture 
Fecal and urinary incontinence
Alkaline PH
Overgrowth or infection pathogen (yeast) 
Friction and shear
25
Q

Patients with perianal dermatitis should take

A

Antibiotic with probiotic

26
Q

Pt taking cirpoflovixan can not

A

Eat dairy 4hrs after taking meds

27
Q

It is important to check ____ hair in those who have fallen

A

Hair

28
Q

Diabetic foot ulcers

A

Due to neuropathic impairment of ms balance as well as immune compromise from leukocyte dysfunction and peripheral vascular disease

29
Q

Pressure ulce

A

Resume of ischemia due to prolonged pressure over a bony area

30
Q

High albumin can lead to blisters and ??

A

Water “seeping” out

31
Q

Venous statis ulcer

A

Results from hypoxia in areas of venous congestion in the lower extremities

32
Q

Wound interventions

A
Increase nutrition 
Debride 
Elevate extremities 
Optimize blood flow 
Dressing 
Reduce edema 
Medications 
Grafts 
Age 
Malnutrition 
Control diabetes 
Avoid sterols alchohol and smoking
33
Q

When writing goals to improve nutrition

A

Increase % of what patient eats daily and monitor albumin level

34
Q

Optimizing blood flow

A
Warmth 
Hydration 
Hyperbaric o2 therapy 
Reduce edema 
Elevate 
Compression 
Negative pressure wound therapy (wound vacs)
35
Q

Don’t apply pressure stockings over

A

Venous stasis ulcer s

36
Q

Serum albumin (malnutrition)

A

Severe

37
Q

Protein

A

Severe

38
Q

What vits can improve healing

A

B C and grape seed extract

39
Q

____ _____ can thin blood so watch pts taking it

A

Grape seed oil