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Health maintenance > Fluid and electrolytes balance > Flashcards

Fluid and electrolytes balance Flashcards

1
Q

Decreased albumin is indicative of

A

poor nutritional status

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2
Q

Treatments that cause imbalances

A

Chemo
IV TPN
NG decomposition
Mechanical ventilation

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3
Q

How to calculate pack history

A

Packs x years

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4
Q

Decreased albumin indicates

A

Poor nutritional status

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5
Q

NG tubes offer

A

Intermittent suction and prevents gastric distention

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6
Q

Examples of transcellular fluid

A

Sweat and digestive fluids

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7
Q

ADH

A

Preserves sodium and prevents loss of water produced by pituitary gland

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8
Q

Aldosterone

A

Conserves fluid and salt

Produced by adrenal glands

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9
Q

Insensible loss is

A

Sweat and water vapor from lungs

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10
Q

Decreased albumin leads to

A

Fluid excess
Water weaps out in sores
Edema

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11
Q

Edema 1

A

Swelling

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12
Q

Edema 2

A

Pitting 1-4

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13
Q

Edema 3

A

Ascites

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14
Q

Edema 4

A

Palpate and see water move

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15
Q

Decreased volume increases

A

Osmolarity

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16
Q

Place someone with JVD in

A

Semi fowlers position

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17
Q

Fluid volume excess signs and symptoms

A 
Weight gain 
Pitting edema 
JVD 
cough 
Dyspnea 
Cardiac palpations 
Decrease urine out put 
Mental status changes
18
Q

Causes fluid volume deficit

A 
Diarrhea 
Diuretics 
Vomiting 
Gastric decompression 
Anorexia 
Increasing fatigue
Weight loss 
Fever 
Excessive urine out put 
Changes in mental status 
Burns 
Blood loss
19
Q

FVD assessment signs and symptoms

A 
Decrease in weight 
Decrease in skin turgor 
Decrease in urine output
Decrease in blood pressure 
Decrease in strength 
Elevated pulse 
Concentrated urine 
Thirst 
Cool and clammy 
Elevated bun and creatinine
20
Q

Purpose of nasogastric tubes is to

A

offer intermittent suction of large amounts of gastric acid, prevents gastric distention

21
Q

Mechanical ventilation can cause

A

fluid/electrolyte imbalances

22
Q

what do tracheostomys do?

A

offer ventilation so the chest muscles can relax

23
Q

Aldosterone

A

Produced by adrenal glands aids in conservation of sodium, secretion of potassium and water retention to maintain stable BP

24
Q

increased hematocrit with

A

dehydration

25
Q

BUN:creatnine ratio

A

1:20

26
Q

females Hg

A

12 to 15.5 g/dL

27
Q

males Hg

A

13.5 to 17.5 g/dL

28
Q

females HCT

A

35-44.5%

29
Q

Males HCT

A

38.8-50%

30
Q

hypernatremia signs, symptoms, PCs

A

High blood pressure, high heart rate, muscle spasms, thirst, hypervolemia decreased urine output, increased specific gravity

31
Q

Hyponatremia signs, symptons, PCs

A

Low blood pressure/ low heart rate, syncope, hypovolemia, orthostatic hypotension, increases urine output, headache, decreased specific gravity

32
Q

Hyperkalemia signs, symptoms, PCs

A

irregular pulse, decreased blood pressure, muscle spasm, increased motility, cardiac dysrhythmias

33
Q

Hypokalemia signs symptoms PCs

A

irregular pulse, orthostatic hypotension, anxiety, confusion, decreased motility, muscle weakness

34
Q

Hypercalciemia signs symptoms PCs

A

Bradycardia in the beginning and can lead to cardiac arrest in late stages, renal caliculi, weakness, decreased motility

35
Q

Chvosteks sign

A

contraction of facial muscles in response to a light tap over the
facial nerve in the front ear

36
Q

trousseau’s sign

A

carpal spasm induced by inflating a blood pressure cuff above
the systolic pressure for a few minutes

37
Q

causes of hypocalcemia

A

hypoparathyroidism, renal disorders, vit d inadequacy, blood transfusions, hyper or hypo magnesium

38
Q

signs symptoms and PC of hypocalcemia

A

decreased blood pressure and heart rate, tetany and spasms, decreased motility

39
Q

Causes of Hypermagnesuim

A

taking malox or milk of magnesuim, hypothyroidism, addisons disease

40
Q

signs symptoms and PCs of hypermagnesuim

A

Diminshed DTRs, bradycardia, dysrhythmias, hypotension

41
Q

causes of hypomagnesuim

A

intestinal issues, renal issues, burns, hyperaldosteronism, hypercalcemia

42
Q

signs and symptoms of hypomagnesuim

A

intestinal issues, renal issues, burns, hyperaldosteronism, hypercalcemia

Health maintenance (12 decks)

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