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Health maintenance > Surgical Nursing > Flashcards

Surgical Nursing Flashcards

1
Q

Primary prevention

A

Knowledge screenings and family hx

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2
Q

Secondary prevention

A

Minimize disability and increase quality of life

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3
Q

Terterary prevention

A

Treatment of illness

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4
Q

Women are

A

Under treated and under diagnosed

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5
Q

Preoperative phase

A 
Hx of 
Surgeries 
Medical problems 
Medications 
Family 
Surgery 
Indicators for surgery 
Make sure everyone on the team knows this information
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6
Q

23 hour surgery

A 
Ambulatory surgery
Monitored care 
Low cost 
Ex. Tonsillectomy 
Cardiac catheterization
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7
Q

Same day admission

A

Work up done prior to surgery
Ex. Total hip
Coronary artery bypass graft

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8
Q

In patient hospital based surgery

A 
Patients that need stabilization sent to OR from
Inpatient bed 
ER 
Lab 
Or ICU
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9
Q

Elective surgery

A 
Improves quality of life 
Scheduled at pt convinence 
Time is not a factor 
Decreased mortality/morbidity 
Runs same risks
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10
Q

Semi elective surgery

A

Increased time sensitive
May or may not be within 24 hours
Decreased mortality and morbidity
Ex. Cholecystisis = cholecystectomy

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11
Q

Urgent surgery

A

Required with in 24 hours

Prevention of complications

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12
Q

Emergency surgery

A

Done with in 24 hours preferably with in two hours
Delay causes major injustice
Goal is to stablize
Increased risk for mortality and morbidity
Increased risk for bleeding, MI, renal failure

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13
Q

Salvage surgery

A 
When CPR is in progress in the or or on the way to the or 
Required for survival 
Ex. Ruptured aneurism 
Perforated ulcer 
Penetrating trauma
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14
Q

ATM

A

Assessment
Treatment
Intervention

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15
Q

High BUN

A

dehydration

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16
Q

Low BUN

A

hypervoluema

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17
Q

High BUN

A

dehydration

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18
Q

Creatnine

A

indicates kidney function

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19
Q

PT/PTT/INR

A

Indicates coagulation

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20
Q

Do all teaching

A

pre op

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21
Q

NPO status before surgery is to

A

reduce risk of aspiration

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22
Q

Benzodiazepines

A

Decrease anxiety

ex. Midazolam (versed)

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23
Q

H2 antagonists

A

inhibit production of gastric acid- prevent aspiration

ex. ranitidine (zantac), famotidine (pepcid)

24
Q

Anticholinergics

A

prevents vomiting

25
Q

antiemetics

A

prevents vomiting

26
Q

opiods

A

pain management

27
Q

antibiotic prophylaxis

A

used according to risk for infection

28
Q

antithrombolitics

A

prevents thrombus formation

29
Q

two biggest preventions after surgery

A

DVT and atelectesis

30
Q

General anesthesia objectives

A

produce CNS depression and complete loss of sensation, consciousness, pain perception, and memory

31
Q

General inhalation agents

A 
gas plus oxygen induces rapid loss of consciousness / alter CNS 
Suprane
Ultane
Forane 
Nitrous oxide
32
Q

Intravenous anesthetics

Rapid-acting opioid-anaglesic anesthetics

A

Rapid-acting opioid-anaglesic anesthetics
Alfenta
Remifentanil
Sufentarill

33
Q

Intravenous anesthetics

Nonanaglesic hypnotics

A

etomidate (amidate)

34
Q

reversal agents

A

reverse negative effect of an agent

35
Q

types of reversal agents

A 
narcotic antagonists (naloxone) 
Benzodizepine antagonist (romazicon)
neuromuscular blocking antagonists
36
Q

regional anesthesia objectives

A

block pain impulses via local anesthetic

37
Q

local anesthesia objectives

A

topically, infiltration
injection, target specific nerve or nerve bundles
regionally (epidural or intrathecal/spinal)

38
Q

AORN

A

Circulating nurse, safety of the patient

39
Q

lithothomy position

A

legs up knees bend

40
Q

Major systems to monitor (respiratory)

A

rate, rhythm, breath sounds, pulse ox, artificial, O2 delivery

41
Q

Major systems to monitor (cardiovascular)

A

HR, rhythm, B/P and pulse

42
Q

major systems to monitor (neurological)

A

CNS/LOC, ability to follow commands, movement of extremities

43
Q

major systems to monitor (renal)

A

I&O, IV lines, catheters, drains

44
Q

other things to monitor after surgery

A

dressings, drains, comfort, thermoregulation

45
Q

DAT

A

Diet as tolerated

46
Q

Dehiscence

A

surgical wound reopens

47
Q

Evisceration

A

organs leaving the body cavity

48
Q

types of drains

A

jackson pratt
hemovac
penrose
T-tube

49
Q

SGOT

A

liver function test

50
Q

LDH

A

Indicator of tissue damage

51
Q

ALK phosphate

A

tests for bone and liver conditions

52
Q

SGPT or ALT

A

indicates liver status

53
Q

Considerations for bariatrics

A

slowed healing
decreased mobility
decreased cardiovascular health

54
Q

Considerations for the elderly

A

confusion
slowed metabolic processing of the medication
decreased strength
decreased mobility

55
Q

considerations for pediatrics

A 
NKDA
lowed immune system 
poor judgement 
communication
seperation anxiety
56
Q

check ____ before they are aloud to get up

A

Hemoglobin

some doctors say it has to be above 9

Health maintenance (12 decks)

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