wound care Flashcards

1
Q

what are the three phases of wound healing ?

A

lag phase ( 2-3 days)
incremental or proliferative phase ( 3 weeks)
plateau or migration phase ( 6 months )

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2
Q

what are the classifications of wound closure and healing ?

A

primary intention
secondary intention
tertiary intention ( delayed primary intention )

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3
Q

in what type of wound does colonization happen ?

A

chronic wounds

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4
Q

most surgical wounds are what type of wounds ?

A

acute wounds

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5
Q

in what stage does healing arrest in chronic wounds ?

A

in the inflammatory phase

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6
Q

what are the ATLS principles that should be followed in wound care ?

A

1- asses movement and sensation
2- tetanus cover
3- bleeding wound should be elevated and pressure pad should be applied
4- to facilitate exam - add analgesia , GA may be needed in children
5- add tourniquet too a bleeding limb

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7
Q

what is the maximum level of lidocaine that can be used when dealing with wounds ?

A
  • 3mg/kg
  • the addition of adrenaline allows for up to 7mg/kg
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8
Q

when should adrenaline and local anesthetics be avoided ?

A

in or near appendages

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9
Q

what are the different methods of skin closure ?

A

skin adhesive strips
tissue adhesive glue
sutures
staples

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10
Q

which skin closure method is popular in the paediatric age group ?

A

tissue adhesive glue

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11
Q

when should skin adhesive strips be used ?

A

in a wound with no risk factors

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12
Q

when are sutures used for wounds ?

A

in a wound larger than 5 cms
deep dermal wounds
locations that are prone to flexion, tension or wetting

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13
Q

what should we keep in mind with needlestick injuries ?

A

hepatitis and HIV risk

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14
Q

what must be done as routine in puncture wounds ?

A

x ray examination to rule out the retainment of foreign bodies in the depth of the wound

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15
Q

what is the management of a hematoma ?

A

-if large and painful or causing neural deficit then it may require incision orr aspiration
- exploration nif symptomatic

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16
Q

what is an example of open degloving ?

A

ring avulsion

17
Q

what is an example of a closed degloving injury ?

A

rollover injury

18
Q

when is the use of low adherent dressing appropriate ?

A

flat, shalllow wounds with low exudate

19
Q

when are semi-permeable films useful ?

A

flat shallow wounds with low to medium exudate
good for wounds on difficult anatomical sites like the knee

20
Q

what type of dressing can be used for dry nerotic eschar ?

A

hydrocolloids

21
Q

what is the standard form of management of hydrogels ?

A

sloughy or necrotic wounds

22
Q

when can alginates be used ?

A

all types of wounds with high exudate