wound care Flashcards
what are the three phases of wound healing ?
lag phase ( 2-3 days)
incremental or proliferative phase ( 3 weeks)
plateau or migration phase ( 6 months )
what are the classifications of wound closure and healing ?
primary intention
secondary intention
tertiary intention ( delayed primary intention )
in what type of wound does colonization happen ?
chronic wounds
most surgical wounds are what type of wounds ?
acute wounds
in what stage does healing arrest in chronic wounds ?
in the inflammatory phase
what are the ATLS principles that should be followed in wound care ?
1- asses movement and sensation
2- tetanus cover
3- bleeding wound should be elevated and pressure pad should be applied
4- to facilitate exam - add analgesia , GA may be needed in children
5- add tourniquet too a bleeding limb
what is the maximum level of lidocaine that can be used when dealing with wounds ?
- 3mg/kg
- the addition of adrenaline allows for up to 7mg/kg
when should adrenaline and local anesthetics be avoided ?
in or near appendages
what are the different methods of skin closure ?
skin adhesive strips
tissue adhesive glue
sutures
staples
which skin closure method is popular in the paediatric age group ?
tissue adhesive glue
when should skin adhesive strips be used ?
in a wound with no risk factors
when are sutures used for wounds ?
in a wound larger than 5 cms
deep dermal wounds
locations that are prone to flexion, tension or wetting
what should we keep in mind with needlestick injuries ?
hepatitis and HIV risk
what must be done as routine in puncture wounds ?
x ray examination to rule out the retainment of foreign bodies in the depth of the wound
what is the management of a hematoma ?
-if large and painful or causing neural deficit then it may require incision orr aspiration
- exploration nif symptomatic