operative care

Question 1

what does emergent mean ?

Answer 1

requires immediate attention , life threatening

Question 2

what does urgent mean ?

Answer 2

requires attention within 24-30 hrs

Question 3

what does required mean ?

Answer 3

requires surgery within a few weeks

Question 4

what does elective surgery mean ?

Answer 4

time of the surgery is at the convenience of the patient , failure to have the surgery is not catastrophic

Question 5

what is an optional surgery ?

Answer 5

scheduled completely at the preference of the patient

Question 6

what type of surgery is a herniorrhaphy ?

Answer 6

reconstructive

Question 7

what is the difference between aseptic and sterile techniques ?

Answer 7

aseptic techniques - prevent contamination
sterile techniques - maintenance of sterility

Question 8

what is the spaulding criteria used for ?

Answer 8

used to determine the potential for transmission of infectious agents

Question 9

how far away should infected patients stand away from other patients ?

Answer 9

at least 3 feet away

Question 10

what is the difference in terms of protective reflexes between sedation and general anesthesia ?

Answer 10

sedation - protective reflexes remain intact
GA - protective reflexes are lost

Question 11

what are the two forms of inhaled anesthesia ?

Answer 11

nitrous oxide
sevoflurane

Question 12

what drug can be used as a potentiator for other inhalation agents ?

Answer 12

nitrous oxide

Question 13

what are the adverse effects of sevoflurane ?

Answer 13

agitation and delirium

Question 14

what are the complications of general anesthesia ?

Answer 14

aspiration
oral trauma
hypoventilation
cardiac dysrhythmias
hypothermia
malignant hyperthermia

Question 15

what is the difference between spinal and epidural anesthesia ?

Answer 15

spinal - injected in the subarachnoid space
epidural - injected into the epidural space

Question 16

what is peripheral nerve block ?

Answer 16

anesthetic is injected around a nerve that supplies sensation to a small area of the body

Question 17

what type of anesthesia can be used in the surgery of an extremity e.g arm ?

Answer 17

intravenous block ( involves the arm wrist and hand )
occlusion tourniquet is used

Question 18

what type of anesthesia is used for minor and superficial procedures ?

Answer 18

local anesthesia ( infiltration )

Question 19

what are the complications of spinal anesthesia ?

Answer 19

hypotension
nausea and vomiting
urinary retention
post spinal headache

Question 20

which procedures require jacknife or kraske positions ?

Answer 20

rectal procedures
sigmoidoscopy
colonoscopy

Question 21

what are the borders of abdominal preparations in terms of disinfection ?

Answer 21

breast line to upper one third of the thigh
table line to table line

Question 22

which type of sutures cause less scarring ?

Answer 22

non absorbable sutures

Question 23

what instrument is used to remove kidney stones ?

Answer 23

randall stone forceps

Question 24

what type of unanticipated event can happen in the OR ?

Answer 24

latex allergy
malignant hyperthermia - autosomal dominant trait