hospital acquuirred infections Flashcards
most common types of hospital acquired infections ?
bloodstream infections
pneumonia
UTI
SSI - surgical site infection
what are examples of gram positive spore bearing anaerobes ?
tetanus
gas gangrene
what is the difference between conventional and conditional pathogens ?
1- conventional cause clinical disease in healthy persons
2- conditional cause significant disease in the presence of specific predisposing factor
which organism produces gas that is identifiable on x ray orr CT scans ?
clostridium perfringens
2 main forms of gangrene ?
wet and dry gangrene
what is the main causative organism in gas gangrene ?
clostridium perfringens
what are the lab tests required for the diagnosis of gas gangrene ?
1- gram stain ( to be positive )
2- culture for c perfringens
3- direct vision of pale dead muscle with a brownish, sweet-smelling
what type of causative agent is staph aureus ?
conventional
what type of causative organism is p aeruginosa ?
conditional
how is the intestinal flora sampled ?
rectal swabs
which has higher isolation rates rectal swabs or faecal specimens ?
faecal specimens
when may environmental sampling be needed ?
1- to detect reservoirs
2- to monitor infection control
3- for educational purposes
how can defined risks of infection be found ?
sampling of general surfaces that are not in direct contact with patients
which antibiotic should be used for herpes infection ?
acyclovir
at what level of neutropenia are prophylactic anti fungals and anti virals used ?
neutropenia less than 0.2
