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Psych - multiple choice > Worry > Flashcards

Worry Flashcards

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1
Q

What is fear?

A

A state of tension or alarm in response to a serious threat

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2
Q

What is anxiety?

A

A response to an unspecified threat

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3
Q

When does anxiety become a disorder?

A

When it is:

Continuous, disabling, frequent, long-lasting, and readily triggered

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4
Q

What % of people within the US suffer from an anxiety disorder?

A

15%

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5
Q

What was anxiety once called?

A

Neuroses

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6
Q

What did Freud believe neurosis was cause by?

A

The inability of the ego’s defence mechanisms to prevent or reduce anxiety causes by aroused unconscious conflicts

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7
Q

How is anxiety recognised?

A

It is recognised as the central symptom of an anxiety disorder

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8
Q

What are some basic characteristics of anxiety?

A

Faster breathing, tense muscles, rapid heart rate, nausea

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9
Q

The Sympathetic nervous system prepares us for what?

A

Flight or fight

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10
Q

The Parasympathetic nervous system prepares us for what?

A

Rest and digest

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11
Q

What is trait anxiety?

A

Our general level of anxiety

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12
Q

What is state anxiety?

A

The variation of our anxiety based on our situations

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13
Q

What is a Phobic disorder?

A

A persistent unreasonable fear of a specific object, activity or situation

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14
Q

What is agoraphobia?

A

Avoidance of public places

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15
Q

What are some symptoms of anxiety of chronic & persistent anxiety?

A

Muscular tension, autonomic hyperactivity, vigilance & scanning

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16
Q

What age group is mostly affected by anxiety of chronic & persistent anxiety?

A

Children

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17
Q

What are some explanations of why we develop different phobias?

A 
Socio-cultural
Psychoanalytical 
Humanism
Behavioural
Biological
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18
Q

What is GAS associated with?

A

The anxieties feedback system which involves GABA

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19
Q

What are some symptoms of panic disorders?

A

Palpitations, tingiling in hands and feed, short breath, sweating

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20
Q

Describe how a panic attack occurs

A

They are discrete bouts of panic that occur abruptly and reach a peak within 10 mins

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21
Q

What is the biological explanation of a panic attack?

A

Norepinephrine levels are high, and a drug that reduces it helps

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22
Q

When does an obsessive compulsive disorder general begin?

A

Adolescence of early adulthood

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23
Q

What % of people suffer with an obsessive compulsive disorder?

A

2%

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24
Q

What is a compulsion?

A

Feeling compelled to perform a behaviour

25
Q

What are some common compulsions?

A

Cleaning, checking, order

26
Q

What are obsessions?

A

Thoughts or wishes

27
Q

What % of patients have obsessions and compulsions?

A

70%

28
Q

What is an explanation of excessive compulsive disorders? (Serotonin)

A

Serotonin could get increased and cause the behaviour. As when given a drug that reduces serotonin, the behaviour reduces.

29
Q

What is an explanation of an excessive compulsive disorder? (damage)

A

Damage to the orbital region. A compulsive patient who shot himself there experienced a dramatic decrease in symptoms

30
Q

What is a stressor?

A

The situation or event that sets the demands, constraints, and opportunities

31
Q

What is ‘appraisal of stressor’?

A

The perception o the degree of demand

32
Q

What is the ‘appraisal of the ability to cope’?

A

The individuals perception of his/her ability and resources to handle the demand

33
Q

Define stress

A

Stress is experienced when one appraises the stressor as exceeding ones coping abilities

34
Q

Describe our physical reaction to stress

A

The RAS part of the brain that focuses attention when in a crisis focuses on potential danger so feedback loop may be created

35
Q

What happens in our bodies when we see a threat?

A

Our adrenal glands release adrenaline, which diverts energy to muscles and away from longterm body maintenance

36
Q

What happens when we have increased adrenaline?

A

It interferes with our clear judgement results, and we see everything as a threat rather than a challenge to be sorted

37
Q

What happens if we continually release cortisol?

A

It can damage learning and memory and prevents new memories from being made

38
Q

What drug can slow ageing and can prevent some chronic health conditions but then declines after 20-30?

A

DHEA

39
Q

What kind of relationship for DHEA and Cortisol have ?

A

Inverse, as one increases the other decreases.

40
Q

What is an adjustment disorder?

A

Marked distress that is in excess of what is expected

41
Q

What kind of behaviour does an adjustment disorder involve?

A

Depression, anxiety, sleep disturbances, social withdrawal

42
Q

Describe the type of stressor that a post traumatic stress victim would have suffered

A

Where the stressor is an intensely traumatic event

43
Q

When does the reaction for a post traumatic stress disorder occur?

A

Immediately or within 3 months (Acute) or more than 6 months (delayed)

44
Q

What are some symptoms of post traumatic stress disorder?

A

Re-experiencing of events, difficulty concentrating, depression, irritability, alcohol/drugs

45
Q

What makes you more vulnerable to a post traumatic stress disorder?

A

If you have a pre-existing emotional or behavioural difficulties

46
Q

What is prolonged duress disorder?

A

Isn’t necessarily about traumatic events, but a series of events that are accumulated, which is the cause of the trauma

47
Q

What is dissociative disorder?

A

It is the disturbance or alterations in the functions of identity, memory and consciousness.

48
Q

What is dissociative amnesia?

A

Extensive, but selective, memory loss in the absence of an organic change, not forgetfulness

49
Q

What is localised amnesia?

A

The individual fails to recall events that occurred during a particular period of time

50
Q

What is selective amnesia?

A

The person is able to recall some, but not all, of the evens during a particular period of time

51
Q

What is generalised amnesia?

A

A recall failure that encompasses the persons entire life (rare)

52
Q

What is continuous amnesia?

A

The inability to recall events subsequent to a specific time, up to and including the present

53
Q

What is systematised amnesia?

A

The loss of memory for categories of information e.g. particular memories of a person

54
Q

What is a dissociative fugue?

A

An unexpected travel away from home or work, to assume a new identity with an inability to recall previous identity

55
Q

What is dissociative identity disorder?

A

The assumption of alternative personalities, with each one having its own memories, values, behaviours etc

56
Q

With dissociative identity disorder when are new personalities likely to occur?

A
  • Childhood
57
Q

What is dissociative identity disorder usually caused by?

A

Sexual abuse

58
Q

Why does the body adopt dissociative identity disorder?

A

As a form of protecting itself, another self to handle the stressor

59
Q

What is depersonalisation?

A

The change of self-perception, the sense of being temporarily lost or changed

Psych - multiple choice (8 decks)

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