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World History > World Hisotry Chapter 3 > Flashcards

World Hisotry Chapter 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the first empire to rule the Middle East after Sumer?

A

Babylon

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2
Q

Word meaning the ‘“gate of God”

A

Babel

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3
Q

Word meaning “to confuse” in Hebrew

A

Babel

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4
Q

King that brought most of Mesopotamia under Babylonian rule and established the Old Babylonian Empire

A

Hammurabi

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5
Q

Writing that was composed during the reign of Hammurabi in order to exalt Babylon and its chief god, Marduk

A

Babylonian Genesis or Enuma Elish

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6
Q

What was the greatest mathematical achievement of the Babylonians?

A

Place-value notation

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7
Q

What was the greatest achievement of the Babylonian Empire

A

In the realm of government and law

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8
Q

What was the most important end marks of a civilization

A

A written code of laws

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9
Q

Who collected and codified the existing Sumerian, Akkadian, and Babylonian laws?

A

Hammurabi

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10
Q

What was the purpose of Hammurabi nearly 300 laws?

A
  • to cause Justice to prevail in the land
  • to destroy the wicked and evil
  • to prevent the strong from oppressing the weak
  • to further the welfare of the people
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11
Q

The use of authority and power to uphold what is right, just, or lawful

A

Justice

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12
Q

An indo-European people from Anatolia in Asia Minor that took down Babylon in 1600 B.C.

A

Hittites

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13
Q

Who were the first people to use iron extensively

A

The Hittites

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14
Q

Assyria’s first great monarch

A

Tiglathpileser I

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15
Q

Who seized Babylonia and established the Assyrian Empire about 1100 B.C.

A

Tiglathpileser I

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16
Q

Fall of Nineveh

A

612 B.C.

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17
Q

What is the capital of the Assyrian Empire?

A

Nineveh

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18
Q

Which year was the Assyrian Empire established

A

1100 B.C.

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19
Q

Who were responsible for the fall of the Norther Kingdom of Israel in 721 B.C.

A

The Assyrian kings, Shalmaneser V and Sargon II

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20
Q

What was the Assyrian kingdom’s one important contribution to civilization

A

Building the world’s first great library

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21
Q

Who built the world’s first great library

A

Ashurbanipal

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22
Q

Who was the Assyrian kingdom’s last great monarch

A

Ashurbanipal

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23
Q

Who overthrew the Assyrian Empire in 600 B.C.

A

The Chaldeans

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24
Q

Who led the Chaldeans in overthrowing the Assyrian Empire and established the Neo- Babylonian Empire?

A

Nabopolassar

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25
Q

King that controlled the Fertile Crescent and destroyed Jerusalem in 586 B.C.

A

Nebuchadnezzar

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26
Q

Counted among the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World

A

Hanging Gardens of Babylon

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27
Q

Jew who was taken captive by the Babylonians and became an important official in Babylon

A

Daniel

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28
Q

Who overthrew the Neo-Babylonian Empire in 539 B.C.

A

The Medes and Persians under Cyrus the Great

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29
Q

Under which two kings did the Persian Empire reach its greatest extent?

A

Darius I and Xerxes I

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30
Q

Who established the world’s first postal service?

A

Darius I

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31
Q

Who was the husband of Queen Esther in the Bible?

A

Ahasuerus or Xerxes I

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32
Q

Who was Atraxerxes I cupbearer?

A

Nehemiah

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33
Q

Who was Xerxes I successor?

A

Artaxerxes I

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34
Q

In 536 B.C., which king issued a statement that all Jews could return to Jerusalem

A

Cyrus the Great

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35
Q

What was the pagan religion practiced by the Persian Kings?

A

Zoroastrianism

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36
Q

Persian kings had high regards for what? How did they rule?

A

The sanctity of law; they ruled under the law

37
Q

What are the other names for the Promised Land?

A

Canaan, Palestine, Israel

38
Q

The world’s three monotheistic religions that viewed the Promised Land as the Holy Land

A

Judaism, Christianity, and Islam

39
Q

Which land has the greatest variety of climate and topography of any country in the world?

A

Israel

40
Q

What was the main highway of the ancient world?

A

Canaan

41
Q

Who was the “Father of a great nation”

A

Abraham

42
Q

God’s covenant promises passed from who to who?

A

From Isaac to Jacob

43
Q

Who are the patriarchs of Israel ?

A

Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and the 12 sons of Jacob

44
Q

What word means The founding fathers of the nation of Israel

A

Patriarchs

45
Q

One of the greatest man on world history

A

Moses

46
Q

Solemn agreement

A

Covenant

47
Q

Where did God make a covenant

A

At Mt. Horeb or Mt. Sinai

48
Q

At Mt. Horeb, what set of rules did God give His people also called Decalogue?

A

The Ten Commandments

49
Q

What is another name for the Ten Commandments?

A

Decalogue

50
Q

A summary of the basic principles of morality

A

The Ten Commandments

51
Q

Nation ruled by God

A

Theocracy

52
Q

“A man after God’s own heart”

A

David

53
Q

Who became the second king of Israel after King Saul around 1048 B.C.

A

David

54
Q

Where did David establish his capital

A

Jerusalem

55
Q

A phonetic system of writing in which letters are used to represent sounds rather than things or ideas.

A

Alphabet

56
Q

The first true alphabet

A

Sinai Script

57
Q

The ancestor of our modern alphabet

A

Sinai Script

58
Q

The ability to read and write one’s own language

A

Literacy

59
Q

Whose name means “peace” in Hebrew

A

Solomon

60
Q

How long did Solomon reign?

A

40 years

61
Q

Under which two kings did Israel become the greatest nation in the world? In which year?

A

Under David and Solomon; 1000 B.C.

62
Q

What were Solomon’s two greatest building projects?

A

The construction of the Lord’s Temple and his own palace

63
Q

What happened to the Israel after Solomon’s death?

A

Israel was divided in the Northern kingdom (Israel) and the Southern Kingdom (Judah)

64
Q

What was the capital of the Northern Kingdom of Israel? Which year did it fall? Who overthrew it?

A

Samaria; 721 B.C.; Assyrian invaders

65
Q

What year did the Southern Kingdom fall? Who overthrew it?

A

586 B.C.; the Babylonians

66
Q

The Messiah of Israel and the Savior of world who was born while Rome ruled the world

A

Jesus Christ

67
Q

When was the destruction of Israel?

A

A.D. 70

68
Q

Which year was Rome divided into East and west?

A

A.D. 395

69
Q

Who controlled parts of the Middle East for over a thousand years from its capital? What was it’s capital called?

A

The Byzantine Empire; Byzantium or Constantinople

70
Q

Militant new religion in the Arabian Peninsula

A

Islam

71
Q

Who deciphered the Sinai Script? In what year?

A

Sir Flinders Petrie; in 1948

72
Q

What is the language of the Old Testament Scriptures?

A

Hebrew

73
Q

The Hebrew language’s three major periods of development

A
  • Biblical Hebrew
  • Rabbinic Hebrew
  • Modern Hebrew
74
Q

Jewish laws and traditions

A

Talmud

75
Q

A language derived from medieval Germans and spoken by European Jews

A

Yiddish

76
Q

Arab mystic from the city of Mecca and founder of Islam

A

Mohammed

77
Q

Followers of Islam

A

Muslims

78
Q

The holy book of Islam

A

The Koran

79
Q

What are Mohammed’s successors called?

A

The Caliphs

80
Q

“Flight”

A

Hegira

81
Q

Who left behind translations of the New Testament in Arabic, Hindustani, and Persian

A

Henry Martyn

82
Q

First man in modern times to attempt to reach the Muslims of Arabia with the gospel of Christ

A

Ion-Keith Falconer

83
Q

Two young Americans of the Reformed Church that established the Arabian Mission

A

Samuel Zwemer and James Cantine

84
Q

“The Apostle of Islam”

A

Samuel Zwemer

85
Q

Why has the Middle East become an area of importance among nations?

A

Because of its oil reserves that are located beneath its sands and along its shores

86
Q

What are the two varieties of the Arabic language?

A
  • Classical (literary)
  • Colloquial
87
Q

Order of world empires

A

Old Babylonian Empire
Hittite Empire
Assyrian Empire
Neo-Babylonian Empire
Persian Empire

88
Q

Sumerian Chronology

A

Early Dynastic Age
Old Akkadian Period
Third Dynasty of Ur
Golden Age of Ur

World History (11 decks)

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