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World Hisotry Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What was the first empire to rule the Middle East after Sumer?

A

Babylon

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2
Q

Word meaning the ‘“gate of God”

A

Babel

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3
Q

Word meaning “to confuse” in Hebrew

A

Babel

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4
Q

King that brought most of Mesopotamia under Babylonian rule and established the Old Babylonian Empire

A

Hammurabi

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5
Q

Writing that was composed during the reign of Hammurabi in order to exalt Babylon and its chief god, Marduk

A

Babylonian Genesis or Enuma Elish

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6
Q

What was the greatest mathematical achievement of the Babylonians?

A

Place-value notation

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7
Q

What was the greatest achievement of the Babylonian Empire

A

In the realm of government and law

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8
Q

What was the most important end marks of a civilization

A

A written code of laws

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9
Q

Who collected and codified the existing Sumerian, Akkadian, and Babylonian laws?

A

Hammurabi

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10
Q

What was the purpose of Hammurabi nearly 300 laws?

A
  • to cause Justice to prevail in the land
  • to destroy the wicked and evil
  • to prevent the strong from oppressing the weak
  • to further the welfare of the people
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11
Q

The use of authority and power to uphold what is right, just, or lawful

A

Justice

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12
Q

An indo-European people from Anatolia in Asia Minor that took down Babylon in 1600 B.C.

A

Hittites

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13
Q

Who were the first people to use iron extensively

A

The Hittites

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14
Q

Assyria’s first great monarch

A

Tiglathpileser I

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15
Q

Who seized Babylonia and established the Assyrian Empire about 1100 B.C.

A

Tiglathpileser I

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16
Q

Fall of Nineveh

A

612 B.C.

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17
Q

What is the capital of the Assyrian Empire?

A

Nineveh

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18
Q

Which year was the Assyrian Empire established

A

1100 B.C.

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19
Q

Who were responsible for the fall of the Norther Kingdom of Israel in 721 B.C.

A

The Assyrian kings, Shalmaneser V and Sargon II

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20
Q

What was the Assyrian kingdom’s one important contribution to civilization

A

Building the world’s first great library

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21
Q

Who built the world’s first great library

A

Ashurbanipal

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22
Q

Who was the Assyrian kingdom’s last great monarch

A

Ashurbanipal

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23
Q

Who overthrew the Assyrian Empire in 600 B.C.

A

The Chaldeans

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24
Q

Who led the Chaldeans in overthrowing the Assyrian Empire and established the Neo- Babylonian Empire?

A

Nabopolassar

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25
King that controlled the Fertile Crescent and destroyed Jerusalem in 586 B.C.
Nebuchadnezzar
26
Counted among the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World
Hanging Gardens of Babylon
27
Jew who was taken captive by the Babylonians and became an important official in Babylon
Daniel
28
Who overthrew the Neo-Babylonian Empire in 539 B.C.
The Medes and Persians under Cyrus the Great
29
Under which two kings did the Persian Empire reach its greatest extent?
Darius I and Xerxes I
30
Who established the world’s first postal service?
Darius I
31
Who was the husband of Queen Esther in the Bible?
Ahasuerus or Xerxes I
32
Who was Atraxerxes I cupbearer?
Nehemiah
33
Who was Xerxes I successor?
Artaxerxes I
34
In 536 B.C., which king issued a statement that all Jews could return to Jerusalem
Cyrus the Great
35
What was the pagan religion practiced by the Persian Kings?
Zoroastrianism
36
Persian kings had high regards for what? How did they rule?
The sanctity of law; they ruled under the law
37
What are the other names for the Promised Land?
Canaan, Palestine, Israel
38
The world’s three monotheistic religions that viewed the Promised Land as the Holy Land
Judaism, Christianity, and Islam
39
Which land has the greatest variety of climate and topography of any country in the world?
Israel
40
What was the main highway of the ancient world?
Canaan
41
Who was the “Father of a great nation”
Abraham
42
God’s covenant promises passed from who to who?
From Isaac to Jacob
43
Who are the patriarchs of Israel ?
Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and the 12 sons of Jacob
44
What word means The founding fathers of the nation of Israel
Patriarchs
45
One of the greatest man on world history
Moses
46
Solemn agreement
Covenant
47
Where did God make a covenant
At Mt. Horeb or Mt. Sinai
48
At Mt. Horeb, what set of rules did God give His people also called Decalogue?
The Ten Commandments
49
What is another name for the Ten Commandments?
Decalogue
50
A summary of the basic principles of morality
The Ten Commandments
51
Nation ruled by God
Theocracy
52
“A man after God’s own heart”
David
53
Who became the second king of Israel after King Saul around 1048 B.C.
David
54
Where did David establish his capital
Jerusalem
55
A phonetic system of writing in which letters are used to represent sounds rather than things or ideas.
Alphabet
56
The first true alphabet
Sinai Script
57
The ancestor of our modern alphabet
Sinai Script
58
The ability to read and write one’s own language
Literacy
59
Whose name means “peace” in Hebrew
Solomon
60
How long did Solomon reign?
40 years
61
Under which two kings did Israel become the greatest nation in the world? In which year?
Under David and Solomon; 1000 B.C.
62
What were Solomon’s two greatest building projects?
The construction of the Lord’s Temple and his own palace
63
What happened to the Israel after Solomon’s death?
Israel was divided in the Northern kingdom (Israel) and the Southern Kingdom (Judah)
64
What was the capital of the Northern Kingdom of Israel? Which year did it fall? Who overthrew it?
Samaria; 721 B.C.; Assyrian invaders
65
What year did the Southern Kingdom fall? Who overthrew it?
586 B.C.; the Babylonians
66
The Messiah of Israel and the Savior of world who was born while Rome ruled the world
Jesus Christ
67
When was the destruction of Israel?
A.D. 70
68
Which year was Rome divided into East and west?
A.D. 395
69
Who controlled parts of the Middle East for over a thousand years from its capital? What was it’s capital called?
The Byzantine Empire; Byzantium or Constantinople
70
Militant new religion in the Arabian Peninsula
Islam
71
Who deciphered the Sinai Script? In what year?
Sir Flinders Petrie; in 1948
72
What is the language of the Old Testament Scriptures?
Hebrew
73
The Hebrew language’s three major periods of development
- Biblical Hebrew - Rabbinic Hebrew - Modern Hebrew
74
Jewish laws and traditions
Talmud
75
A language derived from medieval Germans and spoken by European Jews
Yiddish
76
Arab mystic from the city of Mecca and founder of Islam
Mohammed
77
Followers of Islam
Muslims
78
The holy book of Islam
The Koran
79
What are Mohammed’s successors called?
The Caliphs
80
“Flight”
Hegira
81
Who left behind translations of the New Testament in Arabic, Hindustani, and Persian
Henry Martyn
82
First man in modern times to attempt to reach the Muslims of Arabia with the gospel of Christ
Ion-Keith Falconer
83
Two young Americans of the Reformed Church that established the Arabian Mission
Samuel Zwemer and James Cantine
84
“The Apostle of Islam”
Samuel Zwemer
85
Why has the Middle East become an area of importance among nations?
Because of its oil reserves that are located beneath its sands and along its shores
86
What are the two varieties of the Arabic language?
- Classical (literary) - Colloquial
87
Order of world empires
Old Babylonian Empire Hittite Empire Assyrian Empire Neo-Babylonian Empire Persian Empire
88
Sumerian Chronology
Early Dynastic Age Old Akkadian Period Third Dynasty of Ur Golden Age of Ur

World History (11 decks)

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