Work Flashcards
Define work…
A social construct
Define nonwork
Little/no choice, no pay
Define leisure
Social construct, pleasure
What is the core economy?
Unpaid work, essential to the working of wider society.
What is the formal economy
Paid labour
What is the shadow economy?
Hidden from the state can be grey (cash in hand/legal work) or black (illegal).
What is deindustrialisation? 50 years
A decline In Manufacturing
Why has deindustrialisation occurred?
GLOBALISATION - ICT
Integration of world financial markets WFM
Growth of multi national corporations MNCs
Growth of foreign direct investment FDI
What are the 4 processes of industrialisation?
Urbanisation, mechanisation, rationalisation and specialisation.
What is urbanisation?
The growth of towns and cities
What is mechanisation?
Machinery and no manual labour
What is rationalisation?
What is rationalisation? Science for traditional ways
What is specialisation?
Division of labour, narrowing of jobs.
Durkheim - Industrialisation…
Threatens social solidarity.
The move from mechanical solidarity (low specialisation, differentiation, same religious values) to organic social solidarity (larger communities, differentiation, interdependence, division of labour).
Rapid social changes leads to anomie a breakdown of shared norms and values.
Marxism - industrialisation
Capitalism replaces feudalism
b exploit p due to surplus value between wages and value of product. Alienation from themselves, fellow workers and the product. Work is a means to an end, no control over their destiny.
Weberian - industrialisation
Rationalisation, rational pursuit of profit is an end itself. Institutions too bureaucratic and we become trapped.
Deskilling…
Controls the workforce, minimum of training, division of labour.
BUT
Reskilling and flexible work roles, varied work, theoretical and annylitical skills, skill polarisation.
Blauner…
Behaviours and attitudes of manual labourers in printing, textiles, automobiles and chemicals. He measured:
Control over work
Meaning and purpose
Social integration
Involved in work
Printing had the lowest alienation, automobiles highest, chemicals most automated but least alienation, they had control over production. Textiles lead to the making of a community.
Define worklessness
Unemployed and economically inactive (permanent).
What are the effects of worklessness?
Reduced income, health, self esteem, relationships, social engagement, crime, alcohol, drugs, environment, stigma.
What are the effects of worklessness on the elderly?
Anomie, childcare, voluntary more dependant and social disengagement.
What is emotional labour?
Managing your feelings according to a companies rules and guidelines.
What are 3 effects of globalisation?
Emotional labour, exploitation and flexibility and precariousness (short term/zero hour contracts).
Standing
Precariatisation - a new social class expecting unstable labour and living, class conscious.
