Class - External Flashcards
Define material deprivation…
Lack of resources and ability to purchase goods and resources compared to other members of society in an educational context this includes school materials, private education and indirect resources such as spacious housing and good diet.
Smith and Nobels ‘Barriers to Learning’ 1995
Material deprivation
1) families unable to afford uniforms, trips and textbooks which leads to isolation, bullying and students fall behind.
2) low income = no internet, desk, educational toys, space, well heated home.
3) marketisation of schools, better resourced over subscribed schools in more affluent areas but socially disadvantaged students are concentrated in a limited number of increasingly unpopular schools.
4) older W/C students more likely to work part time or look after younger siblings affecting attendance.
Mike Britland 2013
Material deprivation
W/C can’t afford private tutors for exams or the summer. W/C students can’t afford homes in successful catchments.
Douglas ‘The Home & School’ 1964
1) Overcrowded homes lack necessary space and quiet, NA is £380,000.
2) Poor diet, vitamins and energy deficiency means students are ill and tired so miss school/perform poorly.
3) Lower income/unemployed have to cope with hidden expenses.
4) lack of nursery provisions means early years of development are without external socialisation.
5) Taking up a part time job to support the family.
6) Disadvantaged poverty stricken areas have different cultural expectations/aspirations, it is a vicious cycle.
Donald Hirsch 2007
Material Deprivation
Students from M/C backgrounds have a variety of advantages, they are more likely to go to a private school,Mohave more space, attend out of school activities which provide new skills and confidence.
Define cultural deprivation…
The working class lack the necessary views, attitudes, knowledge and support needed for success.
Barry Sugarman/David Lockwood 1966/1970
Cultural Deprivation
1) present time orientation/future time orientation
2) fatalism/optimism
3) collectivism/individualism
4) immediate gratification/deferred gratification
Goodman and Gregg 2010
Cultural Deprivation
1) quality of mother/child interactions and time parents spend with their kids.
2) how often parents read books to young children.
3) attitudes/value of education.
4) parental involvement in schooling.
Basil Bernstein ‘Sociolinguistics’ 1972
Classes speak in 2 different language codes, the W/C is deficient and the M/C is not. Elaborated vs Restricted.
Blackstone and Mortimore
Cultural Deprivation Criticism
Parental interest had not been measured adequately as teacher assessments were used as M/C schools have better home/school relations.
Gillian Evans
Cultural Deprivation Criticism
A council estate in London had no difference on the value placed on education.
Gaine and George
Cultural Deprivation Criticism
Oversimplifies language differences and they have declined, research shows other factors are more prominent.
Define cultural capital…
The possession of cultural characteristics that can give you advantages in life eg. Qualifications, fashion and art.
Pierre Bourdieu 1984
Cultural Capital
M/C have been socialised into the dominant educational culture and possess more cultural capital useful in education. Education favours and rewards M/C cultural capital.
Alice Sulivan 2001
Cultural Capital
Useful cultural capital is complex fiction, TV (arts, science and current affairs documentaries). Unuseful cultural capital is soap operas, music and game shows.
