Class - Internal Flashcards
What are the 2 broad groups of class: internal?
Interactionalist and sets, streams and subcultures…
Labelling theory…
Interactionalist
A teacher labels a student and makes a prediction based on their label. A teacher interacts with the pupil based on their label and prediction. The pupil internalises the label, they take it on board and it becomes part of their self concept, they act on the label and fulfil the prophecy or reject the label.
Hargreaves ‘Halo Effect’ 1976
Interactionalist
As a response to labelling and stereotyping students were seen as halos throughout their schooling careers so further interactions are based on this.
Rosenthal and Jacobson 1968
Interactionalist
Chose a random 20% and said their were spurters. 87% had made significant progress. Teachers acted differently and conveyed high expectations so the pupils internalised these views. Pygmalion effect.
Becker 1971
Interactionalist
Interviews of 60 high school teachers who say they stereotype students based on work, conduct and appearance.
Rist 1970
Interactionalist
Labelling begins at the start if education, a primary school used student background to separate students on to tables called tigers, cardinals and clowns. Clowns were sat further away and given less attention.
Name the 5 theorists in the interactionalist category…
Labelling theory, Rist, Becker, Rosenthal and Jacobson, Hargreaves.
Name the 4 theorists in sets, stream and subcultures.
Hargreaves, Keddie, Lacy and Ball.
Hargreaves (SSS) 1976
SSS
Sets/streams are damaging because they prevent W/C students from achieving status and reward in the ES. This forms resistant anti school subcultures with values opposite to the ES.
Keddie 1991
SSS
Students are given unequal access to classroom knowledge, usually W/C with low status knowledge.
Lacy 1970
SSS
Differentiation and polarisation. Most people are in the middle. The proschool subcultures have positive stereotypes, high sets and Hugh status knowledge, they receive encouragement.
Define differentiation…
Ways teachers categorise/differentiate between pupils according to stereotypes.
Define polarisation…
The ways pupils respond to differentiation by moving to 2 extremes, pro and anti school subcultures.
Ball 1981
SSS
The behaviour of those placed in low streams quickly deteriorates, when streaming was removed polarisation lessened.
Furlong 1984
Criticism
Pupils go through many responses that are not fixed.
