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History > Word War 1 > Flashcards

Word War 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Causes of the war

A
  1. The rise of nationalism - deep devotion to ones country, created a desire for self - rule
  2. Imperialism - (colonial conquest) created rivalries between nations for power
  3. Militarism - (glorification of war) created an “arms race” or a military build-up of forces and weapons
  4. The alliance system - (military allies) - created a world conflict out of a minor incident
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2
Q

World War I - (the Great War) - aka

A

“the war to end all wars” - 32 nations (1914 - 1918)

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3
Q

Major alliances:

triple alliance:

Triple entente:

A

made up of Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy

made up of Great Britain, France, and Russia

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4
Q

Black hand

A

Serbian terrorist group

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5
Q

franz ferdinand

A

the archduke of Austria-Hungary

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6
Q

A nationalist movement was created to bring independence to the region - called _____ goal was to create a Slavic state ( country ) called

A

pan-slavism

Yugoslavia

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7
Q

The assasin who killed franz and Sophia was

A

Gavrilo princep

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8
Q

Powder keg of Europe, wanted their independence for 3 centuries

A

The balkans, Balkan Peninsula

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9
Q

Mobilization

A

countries begin preparing for war

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10
Q

Propaganda - what was it and how was it used?

A

information used to influence public opinion

  1. Recruitment of men
  2. Promote patriotism at home
  3. Make enemy look evil
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11
Q

The Belligerernts (who was fighting)

A
  1. Central powers - (center of Europe) - Germany, Austria-Hungary and the ottoman Turks - major players
  2. Allied powers - Russia, France, and Great Britain and later the USA
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12
Q

Schliefen plan: (Alfred von schlieffen)

A

Germany plan to attack France through neutral Belgium

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13
Q

First battle of the war

A

the battle of the Marne - German attempt to capture Paris - failed!

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14
Q

The war was fought on two major fronts (areas)

A
  1. Western front - extended from the North Sea to Switzerland (500 miles) between the borders of France and Germany
  2. Eastern front - extended from the Baltic Sea to the Black Sea (1,000 miles) - between the borders of Russia and Germany/ Austria Hungary
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15
Q

No mans land

A

area between the trenches “terrain of death”

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16
Q

What caused the slaughter of ww1?

A

Outdated tactics of generals, and modern weapons

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17
Q

WW1 became a war of Attrition

A

goal was to wear the other side out

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18
Q

Nationalism

A

Deep devotion to ones country, created a desire for self rule

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19
Q

Imperialism

A

(Colonial conquest) created rivalries between nations for power

20
Q

Militarism

A

(Glorification of war) created an “arms race” or military build up of forces and weapons

21
Q

The alliance system

A

Created a world conflict of a minor incident

22
Q

Greatest of the aces was

A

Manfred von Richthofen - Red Baron - 80 kills

23
Q

top american ace form Columbus ohio - 26 kills

A

• Eddie rickenbacker

24
Q

Submarines:

A

Aka U-boats “unterwasser boots”

25
Q

Germans =
British =
French =
Americans =

A

Huns
Tommy
Frogs
Dough boys

26
Q

• The Gallipoli campaign

A

british attempt to rescue Russia!

27
Q

Why did the british decide to help Russia?

A

A two front war kept the German army split over two areas

28
Q

1917 - Bolshevik/communist revolution (Russia) - led by

A

Vladimir Lenin - overthrow and kill the Czar family

29
Q
  • The bolsheviks (communists) pull Russia out of the war!

* This is a problem for the allies, why?

A

• Germany can now concentrate all its forces on the western fronts

30
Q

USA: policy known as isolationism

A

stay out of European affairs - remain NEUTRAL

31
Q

3 events that brought the USA into the war

A
  1. 1915 - sinking of the Lusitania (british luxury liner) 128 americans dead
  2. 1917 - unrestricted submarine warfare - German U-boats were sinking neutral ships!
  3. Zimmerman telegram: Germany promised to help them get their land back form americans if they joined them as an ally
32
Q

President Woodrow Wilson declares the purpose of the war is to

A

to make the world “safe for democracy”

33
Q

What is the turning point of the war

A

America joining the war

34
Q

American impacts on the war: (3)

A
  1. Boosted the morale of the allied powers
  2. Fresh manpower (troops)
  3. Supplies and equipment
35
Q

Gen. John Pershing

A

was in charge of the american expeditionary force (us army)

36
Q

Spring of 1918 - the German open up a massive offensive! “Operation Michael”

A
  • hope to defeat the allied forces before the americans can make a difference
  • Almost works!
  • Americans pour into Europe in the summer of 1918 and the tide of the war turns!
37
Q

armistice

A

agreement to stop fighting

38
Q

kaiser Wilhelm II

A

Ruler of Germany, man who abdicates the throne

39
Q

Spanish influenza

A

flu outbreak: 1918
• greatest medical holocoaust in history
• 50-100 million people died

40
Q

Paris peace talks

A
  • looses are not invited to the peace talks!
  • Great Britain - David Lloyd george
  • France - George’s Clemenceau
  • USA - Woodrow Wilson
  • Italy - Vittorio Orlando
41
Q

Wilson’s fourteen points

A

peace plan to 1. Adress the causes of the war and

2. Solutions for world peace

42
Q

• first five points deal with

A

ways to prevent future wars- stop sinking neutral ships!

43
Q

• Points 6-13 deal with

A

self determination - nations should have th e right to govern themselves

44
Q

• Point 14 - establishes the

A

League of Nations - international peacekeeping organization whose goal/purpose was to prevent future wars

45
Q

Wilson wanted a “peace without victory” - what did that mean?

A

*(no winner or loser) WHY? Heal the wounds faster!

46
Q

Treaty of Versailles - Germany was forced to sign (4)

A
  1. Germany had to accept all blame for the war (war guilt clause)
  2. Germany had to pay for the war reparations (damages) - $33 billion
  3. Germany lost all of its colonies and some German territories
  4. Forced to greatly reduce the size of its military
47
Q

Results of WWI (5)

A
  1. Death toll of about 20 million “lost generation”
  2. Bolshevik/communist revolution - Russia becomes communist
  3. Map of Europe changed: 9 new countries added
  4. USA becomes a world power
  5. WWII. Caused by the bitterness of the Germans! - REVENGE for the Versailles Treaty

History (16 decks)

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