History 15,16,17 Flashcards
Corpse of discovery
Resulted in opening the west to America settlers
Group of 33 men and Sacajawea. Purpose was to find an all water route across the continent (northwest passage) and to explore and map out the land.
War of 1812
The “second war for independence” - james Madison was president at the time.
Causes of the war of 1812 - (4)
- British attempt to restrict US free trade
- British IMPRESSMENT (forced service) of US sailors in british navy
- US desire to take Canada
- Expansion west
War hawks
Led by _______ _____
Wanted war with Great Britain - led by Henry Clay
Results of the Treaty of Ghent (1814) need the war - DRAW - (4)
- US capital city burnt by the british!
- Boosted the US confidence in themselves!
- Fostered a new spirit of PATRIOTISM
- Created “Masnifest destiny”
Manifest destiny definition
- who coined the phrase?
The belief that it was americas god given right to spread out over and posses the entire continent
- coined by John O’Sullivan
Symbolism in the picture of manifest destiny
Woman = USA Book = Bible Replacing darkness (native americans) with light (europians)
John Jacob Astor:
American merchant, started a furrier company, became very wealthy
Rendezvous: gather of mountain men once a year in the late summer. 3 things they did:
- They would trade/sell furs
- Swap stories and have contests
- Lasted about two weeks
MOUNTAIN MEN WERE THE FIRST TO EXLPRE AND OPEN TRAILS TO THE WEST
2nd people to come west after fur trappers? MISSIONARIES
Dr. Marcus Whitman and his wife Narcisa opened a mission (willamette valley - Portland) worked with NA. Made letters
Who do you think was not thrilled with manifest destiny? Why? (3)
Native americans
- Land stolen
- Buffalo destroyed
- Disease
Why did the pioneers go west? (4)
- Land
- Opportunity to start a new life
- Adventure
- Gold
Who was the dark horse of the presidential election? Why?
James K Polk. Wins, even though no one knew about him, because he was all for westward expansion
Texas was known as cauhuila. Mexico offered land grants for free as long as they followed 3 provisions
- Learn Spanish
- Convert to cathoicism
- Obey Mexican law/no slavery
Moses Austin, an empresario, organized a group of americans to go to Texas. Y…
Stephen Austin, the son, was the leader of the “old 300” - 1st american families. By 1830, most new settlers to to Texas were americans , so immigration of americans was stopped!
Battle if Gonzales
Texas revolt, 1st fight for independence, took place in San Antonio - fort Alamo
Battle of the Alamo
A siege that lasted 12 days and killed every last American
San Antonio mission/fort, commanded by william Travis with 150 men. Davy Crockett’s and Jim Bowie were there
The Texans fought more like devils than men!
Results of the Alamo (2)
:Remember the Alamo!!!”
- Gave gen Sam Houston time to prepare
- Gave the Texans a motivational rally cry. Turning point!
REMEMBER THE ALAMO
Battle of san jacinto
Sam Houston defeated santa Anna! Texas gained its independence! Sam Houston was elected president of Texas
Santa Fe trail: trade route between mexico and the USA
Also known as the highway to the southwest.
“William becknell” american who opened the trail in 1821
Will who was the founder of the pony express?
William Russell, replaced by the telegraph
First american to california was -
Local Hispanics (3,500) were called -
Jedediah smith
Californios
Captain john C freemont
What did James K Polk do?
One of the first Americans to describe the beauty of california and its wonderful pacific ports. Sparked interest -
He twice offered to by california!
Mexican american war, 1846. President Polk was determined to get california and New Mexico from mexico
After mexico refused to sell the territories, he created an incident.. dispute over the Mexican american border caused the war
Not all americans were in favor of the war (Name 2) (immoral)
Three front war:
Abraham Lincoln and henry David Thoreau
Border of Texas, Mexico City, and california
- Zachary Taylor
- Winfield Scott
- Stephen Kearney
- Old rough and ready - attack and control the Texas and Mexican border - ***battle of buena vista.
- Old fuss and feathers - sent to capture Mexico City - *** battle of vera cruz.
- the long marcher - sent to control New Mexico and california.
Treaty of Guadalupe hidalgo: 1848
- USA received the Mexican cession (california, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, nevada)
- USA paid mexico $15 million
1853 - Gadsden purchase
$10 million - last piece of land gained at the manifest destiny
Willliam henry Harrison -
Led US forces to victory against tecumseh and his Indian “confederacy” at the battle of Tippiecanoe
Andrew Jackson
Hero at the battle of New Orleans (last battle of the war) won by the US of course
Francis Scott key
Writer of the star spangled banner at the battle of fort McHenry
USS constitution “old Ironsides”
Makes a name for itself - oldest commissioned ship in the world
