WOP: Leadership in organisational settings

Question 1

Define leadership

Answer 1

Leadership refers to influencing, motivating and enabling others to contribute toward the effectiveness and success of the organizations of which they are members. Leadership refers to a role and not a position

Question 2

What is meant by shared leadership?

Answer 2

Shared leadership is the view that leadership is a role, not a position assigned to one person and people within the team and organization lead each other.

Question 3

What must happen in order for shared leadership to be effective?

Answer 3

formal leaders need to be willing to give up some power.

Question 4

What is meant by transformational leadership?

Answer 4

a leadership perspective that explains how leaders change teams or organizations by creating, communicating and modelling a vision for the organization and inspiring employees to strive for that vision.

Question 5

What are the four elements of transformational leadership?

Answer 5

Developing and communicating a strategic vision, modelling that vision, encouraging experimentation and building commitment toward the vision

Question 6

What is meant by a vision?

Answer 6

A vision is a positive image or model of the future that energises and unifies employees

Question 7

What is an effective strategic vision?

Answer 7

An idealized future with a higher purpose, is challenging and makes use of symbols.

Question 8

What is meant by modelling the vision?

Answer 8

personifying the vision, act like the vision.

Question 9

What is the effect of modelling the vision?

Answer 9

This creates a shared mental image.

Question 10

What are the requirements of modelling the vision?

Answer 10

This requires consistency between words and actions.

Question 11

What is involved in encouraging experimentation?

Answer 11

not punishing people for making mistakes as transformational leadership is associated with change and change is accompanied by mistakes.

Question 12

How can someone build commitment toward the vision?

Answer 12

being consistent with actions and reinforce the vision.

Question 13

What trait is useful for transformational leadership?

Answer 13

Charisma, but is not required for it

Question 14

What is the likely effect of charismatic leadership?

Answer 14

tends to produce dependent followers.

Question 15

What can lead to a greater attribution of leadership?

Answer 15

Crisis

Question 16

What does a managerial perspective state?

Answer 16

Managerial leadership is a perspective that states that effective leaders help employees improve their performance and well-being toward current objectives and practices

Question 17

What does managerial leadership assume?

Answer 17

stable goals and external environment.

Question 18

Contrast managerial and transformational leadership in what they relate to

Answer 18

Managerial leadership is more related to specific performance and transformational leadership is more abstract.

Question 19

Differ between task and people orientated behaviour

Answer 19

1. Task-oriented behaviour
   This includes behaviour that is oriented at the task and helps people perform a task.
2. People-oriented behaviour
   This is behaviour that is oriented at people and makes the workplace more pleasant.

Question 20

What is meant by servant leadership?

Answer 20

Servant leadership is the view that leaders serve followers. Servant leaders have a desire to help others and remain humble.

Question 21

What does the path-goal leadership theory state?

Answer 21

most effective leadership style depends on the employees and situations.

Question 22

What four leadership styles does the path-goal leadership theory state?

Answer 22

Directive (task oriented), supportive (people), participative (giving a voice to the followers) and achievement-oriented leadership styles

Question 23

What can moderate the relationship between a leader’s style and its effectiveness?

Answer 23

Employee characteristics and characteristics of the employee’s work environment

Question 24

What are the four contingencies that influence the effectiveness of different leadership styles?

Answer 24

Skill and experience, locus of control, task structure and team dynamics

Question 25

Whats the best leadership style for employees that see themselves as unskilled

Answer 25

A combination of directive and supportive leadership

Question 26

What do employees with an internal locus of control prefer?

Answer 26

participative and achievement-oriented

leadership styles.

Question 27

What dies a non routine task require?

Answer 27

directive leadership style or participative leadership style

Question 28

What factors influence what leadership style is best in regards to team dynamics?

Answer 28

the norm that is adhered and the degree of team cohesion.

Question 29

What does the situational leadership theory state?

Answer 29

effective leaders vary their style with the motivation and ability of their followers.

Question 30

What is the evidence behind the SLT theory?

Answer 30

There is no scientific evidence for the effectiveness of this style.

Question 31

What does Fiedler’s contingency model state?

Answer 31

Fiedler’s contingency model states that leadership effectiveness depends on whether the person’s natural leadership style is appropriately matched to the situation

Question 32

What is the best leadership style according to this model?

Answer 32

best leadership style depends on the level of situational control.

Question 33

Describe the leadership substitutes theory?

Answer 33

Leadership substitutes is a theory that identifies conditions that either limit the leader’s ability to influence subordinates or make a particular leadership style unnecessary.

Question 34

What does the implicit leadership theory state?

Answer 34

The implicit leadership theory states that people evaluate a leader’s effectiveness in terms of how well that person fits a leadership prototype and that people tend to inflate the influence of leaders on organizational events. People tend to attribute successes and failures to leaders.

Question 35

Name 8 attributes associated with effective leadership

Answer 35

1. Personality
   High extraversion and high conscientiousness are good predictors of good leadership.
2. Self-concept
   This is confidence in oneself and confidence in the ability to achieve goals. Besides that, it also holds that someone has a clear and complex self.0020
3. Drive
   This is the inner motivation and should be action-oriented.
4. Integrity
   This is truthfulness and consistency in words and actions.
5. Leadership motivation
   This is a high need for socialized power compared to personalized power.
6. Knowledge of the business
   This is knowledge of the business environment in which they operate.
7. Cognitive and practical intelligence
   This is an above-average cognitive intelligence and superior problem-solving abilities.
8. Emotional intelligence
   This is recognising and regulating emotions in the self and others.

Question 36

What is meant by authentic leadership?

Answer 36

the view that effective leaders need to be aware of, feel comfortable with, and act consistently with their values, personality and self-concept.Leaders need to know themselves and be themselves

Question 37

What is the effect of being consistent with one’s own action and words or values

Answer 37

leads to a higher degree of trust and is thus more effective.

Question 38

What are the limitations of the attributes perspective?

Answer 38

it assumes that all leaders have these characteristics and that all characteristics are equally effective in every situation. It also assumes that leadership is within a person, although leadership is relational, as leadership cannot exist in isolation

Question 39

Instead, what can these attributes indicate?

Answer 39

Potential

Question 40

What can she the expectations followers have of their leaders?

Answer 40

Cultural values

Question 41

Describe gender differences in men and women regarding leadership

Answer 41

Male and female leaders do not differ in their levels of task-oriented or people-oriented leadership. Women adopt a participative leadership style more readily than men. Women are still hindered by stereotypes about leadership