Wood: Obesity Flashcards
BMI below 18.5
underweight
BMI 18.5-24.9
healthy
BMI 25-59
overweight
BMI 30-39
obese
BMI over 40
morbidly obse
Child over 2 is severely obese if…
BMI atleast 20% higher than 95th percentile for their age/sex
BMI>35
What percent of adult men and women are overweight?
40% men
30% women
What percent of youth are severely obese?
4-6%
Why is it often hard to lose weight?
Ghrelin levels stay high for a year after weight loss and tell you you’re ungry
White fat
STORES energy
adipose tissue that stores calories
brown fat
burns calories and generates heat in the process (found in skeletal muscle, new borns and hibernating animals)
Visceral fat
seen on CT
more insulin resistant
less healthy
subcutaneous fat
feel on thighs and back
less insulin resistant
less metabolically active
How does weight loss affect knee stress?
for every lb loss there is a 4% reduction in stress on knee
obesity increases risk for what cancer most?
endometrial
than esophageal
How does an increase in BMI affect mortality?
for every 5 BMI units your mortality increases (starts at 25)
What is an independent RF for obesity/need for weight loss?
waist circumference (sign of visceral fat)
*not just BMI
Why is a 3-5% weight loss significant
results in lower:
TG
A1C
decreases risk of DM2
*MORE than that lowers BP and improves LDL
What population gets bariatric surgery?
BMI 40
BMI 35 w/ comorbidities
What are realistic weight goals?
1-2#/week for first 6 mos
10% from baseline
Treat and reduce obesity act 2013
Medicare will now pay for referrals to a dietician
Vertical sleeve gastrectomy
cuts out ghrelin producing cells
*these ppl lose a large percent of BMI and ahve to be reminded to eat
Roux en Y
Bypass stomach
*may lead to Fe and Ca absorption problems
Medication for severely obese children
orlistat
